Value Proposition of Gym/Spa Business

A business endeavor like a gym and spa is a rewarding one, due to the fact that you are not only doing business but you are doing people a favor as well. What is nice about a proposed gym/spa business that it complements each other, a spa will always complement to a spa, because it provides the clients a chance to relax after a rigorous workout. Aside from that, the owner of such business can have lots of opportunities the bodybuilding and fitness industry has its complementary products as well. Among these are food supplements that people place a premium nowadays. This can fuel the revenues of the business as well. On the other hand, the spa will draw ladies and metrosexuals who are put a premium on wellness services. The spa will complement the gym and it is evident among prominent gyms with their own spa services. Pricing and Advertising The gym/spa will get athletes and sports celebrities as their endorsers. This will enable the gym/spa to draw clients which will be motivated to enroll in the gym/spa. The payment will be on a monthly, quarterly, and annual basis. This will give potential clients the option to enroll at the gym/spa based on their income. Market Niche of a Gym/Spa Business A slogan that can be used with this business is â€Å"Health is Wellness, The Rest Would be for The Best!† The gym/spa business will hold a firm position on its market niche because it will draw people from all walks of life that makes this business worthwhile and lucrative.   Mostly the people who are stressed-out from work will draw your attention. It is evident among gyms like Fitness First and Gold’s Gym who have their own spa amenities inside the gym. Another thing is that, you can engage into this business with some of your friends, so as to draw a variety of crowd that will eventually be your regular clients. SWOT Analysis Strengths  § The gym/spa showcases a wide variety of state of the art amenities and equipment that will promote fitness.  § It has other amenities aside from the usual gym/spa that will augment the gym/spa itself. Weaknesses  § The gym/spa will have a hard time enticing blue collar workers because of its massive advertising using celebrities.  § It is a hindrance that there would be a possibility that the gym/spa can only accommodate a certain number of clients inside the vicinity. Opportunities  § The gym/spa will have potential consignments with other business establishments, such as nutritional supplement shops that will augment the advertising of the gym spa.  § The gym/spa can make their service 24 hours a day because there are people’s work shifts vary. Threats  § The gym/spa is deemed to get a demand for the increase in payments if ever client enrolment will be at a low. Nearby gyms like those within the neighborhood will be a petty yet potential com

Evolution of the Electronic Health Record

Evolution of the Electronic Health Record By Belinda Martorelli 11 January 2012 The beginnings of a standardized electronic health record system started in the 1960’s. They were mostly written accounts of the patients’ complaints’. As the systems developed, the records followed a business format, with the information being more useful for the financials and statistics. (Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. It was reported by Summerfield and Empey that â€Å"at least 73 hospitals† were using computerized systems for patient’s records and there were â€Å"28 projects† underway to store and retrieve clinically relevant information. Over time other systems were created such as the CHCS – Composite Health Care System – used by the Department of Defense, COSTAR – the Computer Stored Ambulatory Record- used worldwide, and DHCP – De-Centralized Hospital Computer Program cultivated by the Veteran’s Administration – used nationwide, to name a few. Electronic Health Records, National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources, Overview, April 2006, The MITRE Corporation) The Institute of Medicine (IOM) saw new technologies in the mid 1980’s that they wished to implement in Electronic Health Records (EHR) to reduce duplicate records and increase accuracy. In 1991, a committee was created to make a report and recommendations. That first report was titled â€Å"The Computer-based Patient Record: An Essential Technology for Health Care†.The results of this report spoke about the characteristics, features and purposes of the electronic record. (Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. ) Early in 1999, a report came out that revealed between 44,000 and 98,000 American hospital patients died due to medical errors. Embracing informat ion technology was a priority along with other factors that needed improvement in the American Healthcare System. Other reports focused on patient safety and the quality of care they received. Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. ) The next important report the IOM produced, in 2003, dealt with the standardization of EHRs to improve patient safety. They created an 8-point list of what EHRs could do. 1. Administrative processes 2. Decision support 3. Electronic communication and connectivity 4. Health information and data 5. Order entry/management 6. Patient support 7. Reporting and population health management 8. Results management (Johns, Merida L. Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. Source: adapted from Kohn 2000. ) There was a study done in 2009 reporting the set-up of health information technology, with limited success, in the industry. The IOM and the Natio nal Research Council spoke about the shortfall of implementing the technology, creating a â€Å"healthcare IT chasm†. (Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. Source: adapted from Kohn 2000. Some of the challenges to having EHR’s can be system crashes, slow response time and lack of communication between disciplines. Purchasing a system â€Å"off the shelf† can be problematic. It may not be an exact fit. It can also be cost prohibitive. Buying components to meet the facilities needs might perform better. The Personal Health Record (PHR) is controlled by the patient. It contains information about their diseases, hospitalizations, surgeries and any other pertinent facts that affect the patient. Its’ location can be on a flash drive, their computer or on the Web.It can list demographics like occupation, health related plans and their current health status along with a living will, organ donat ion choices and a durable power of attorney. (Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition. ) References: Electronic Health Records, National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources, Overview, April 2006, The MITRE Corporation Johns, Merida L. (Ed. ) (2011) Health Information Management Technology, Illinois: Chicago, Third Edition.

Bowlby Juvenile Study

Bowlby Juvenile Study In the following essay I will be looking at the case study of John Bowlby and the 44 Juvenile thieves. I will be describing the original hypothesis of the study and what Bowlby aimed to find. I will then look at two other key psychological studies into human behaviour. Once I have looked at all three of the studies, I will then look at the research methods used by all three. I will closely look at the ethical implications of the studies as well as the practical applications used in each. John Bowlby (1907-1990) was a Psychoanalyst who worked at the London Child Guidance Clinic between 1936 and 1939. Bowlby believed that mental health and behavioural problems could be attached to early childhood experience just as Freud did. He aimed to prove that separation from Mothers or sole carers before the age of five affected children’s adolescent behaviour. Bowlby took 44 patients that had come into his clinic who were thieves that had been recommended by their school, parents or soci al carers. The group of thieves were split into two groups, these were grade I who had only stolen once, and the other was grade IV who were repeat offenders. He then took another group of 44 children who were emotionally disturbed but not thieves, this group was known as the control group. The 88 children involved in this study were all aged between five and sixteen. In the group of thieves there were 31 boys and 13 girls whilst in the control group there were 34 boys and 10 girls. There were three key studies in this case study which were run by a psychologist, social worker and a psychiatrist. The first was an IQ test which was invigilated by one of the clinic psychologists; the test was done as each of the participants entered into the clinic. The psychologist found that as well as all of the participants being similar in age, they were all similar in their IQ so they were no anomalies when comparing the educational background of the children. The second study was an interview o f the participant’s parents that was held by a social worker, the aim of this was to record details of the child’s early life. The third study was an interview held with the child and the parent that they were with; this was held by a psychiatrist to see if the details given by the parents matched with those of the child. The social worker and psychiatrist made separate reports which were compared when they had completed them in regard to each child. Once the reports had been compared, the children were then split into different groups, these were; Normal No Abnormal symptoms Depressed Showing symptoms of depression Circular Showing symptoms of depression and over activity Hyperthymic Over activity Affectionless No affection for others and no sense of shame or responsibility Schizoid Withdrawn and lacking relationships with others Priggish Showing symptoms of anxiety or hysteria    The results have some significant anomalies; the 14 affect ionless characters are statistically significant, this is because 13 of the 14 (93%) were grade IV thieves; this clearly shows that the affectionless have been very misguided and uncared for in the childhood. Over half of the grade IV thieves were affectionless. Other findings are that 19 of the cases had suffered prolonged separation from their sole carer during their first five years. 17 of the 19 that had suffered prolonged separation were thieves and 12 of these 17 were classed as affectionless. Of the 23 that were grade IV thieves, 14 of them had suffered prolonged separation.

Concepts of Operations Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Concepts of Operations Project - Essay Example Incident Response team (IRT) is the operational team of specialists responsible for performing an UC Davis Misuse Committee and Incident Response Team that is determined by the nature of the incident. A high level oversight of Incident Response Team (IRT) is offered by Misuse Committee. (Kovacich, 2003) Misuse Committee will be composed of Director of Resource Planning and Budget, Human Resources Director, Director of Internal Audit Services, UCDMC Compliance Officer and Chief of Police. The Chairperson of the Misuse Committee determines the company's designated Information Resource Security Guidelines Coordinator that will participate in the misuse Committee. This will be so during a discussion any suspected abuse or misuse of computing resources. In regards to IT incidents, the key responsibility of the Misuse Committee is to provide operational guidelines to the Incident Response Team (IRT). The guidelines include; general investigative protocol, information custody issues, data/evidence preservation, report content and quality assurance. The external law enforcement assistance may be sought by the Misuse Committee to investigate an incident. ... The Misuse Committee in turn approves the de-escalation of an incident from the highest severity rating to a lower severity rating. The Director of Information Technology will be notified of any high level severity incident or incident containment action in the judgment of the committee that disrupt the broad availability of UC Davis electronic circumstances by the Misuse Committee. He will also inform the Director of Information of any other incident that requires initiation of investigation communication or company-wide coordination with the external law enforcement agencies or collateral organizations. The operational capability of the Computer Incident Response Team (CIRT) is to determine the best strategy to put the structure in place. They compare which strategy has worked well for others within their industry in order for them to establish guidelines on an effective incident response capability. Week One Goal Mission Statement B Concept Company's mission statement toward the development of an Information Systems Security Incident is to protect communications and promote standards that give them a unique advantage. The main aim of this policy is to ensure that B concept members are aware of their responsibilities toward safeguarding information assets of the company and also ensure that: The company meets it commitment of protecting information like the one mentioned in the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Guidelines; That there is continued operations within the company facilitated by dependent on electronic access to information; The members and company's partners protects their personal information,

Discuss genocide as it was experienced in the Balkans (Sarajevo, Essay

Discuss genocide as it was experienced in the Balkans (Sarajevo, Bosnia, Kosovo), drawing on the readings in Jones Drakulics S A Novel About the Balkans the - Essay Example According to Carl K. Slavic, there are other external factors that fuelled the genocide in Bosnia. These are; public relations firms, the US media, &the US state department. Slavic points out that the ethnic, political and religious conflicts in Bosnia were caused by exclusive national and political agendas of different Bosnia factions: Bosnia Serbs, Bosnia Muslim and Bosnia Croats; all speaking the same language but divided by religion, culture and national visions. (Sells, 1996.) The Bosnia Muslims sought to be detached from Yugoslavia but maintain borders and political structures as it existed in the Yugoslavia federation. Bosnia Serbs on the other hand saw the destruction of the Yugoslav federation would necessarily result to destruction of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The US and Germany advocated for unilateral and unconditional recognition of the internal borders of Yugoslavia. These different views were the major causes of the conflict and crisis. (Propadovic, 2003) Lack of diplomacy and political agreement resulted to," politics by other means" war. The US and Germany did nothing to prevent the war. This led to a very protracted hatred between the Serbs and the Bosnians Muslims. Drakulic in her novel refers to Seida's parents being a Muslim father and Serbian mother. This was as a result of a propaganda that was making rounds, insisting there were no Bosnians only Serbs and people of Islamic faith. (Askin, 1997) Even before the war, Bosnian Muslims had hired prominent American public relations firms as well as members of the congress and senate. So had the Kosovo Albanians and the Croats. An American P.R firm initiated the 'atrocities stories'. This was later to become very common in the war. Propaganda rent the air during the whole conflict. This fueled violence among the warring factions. A US PR firm actually admits having been retained by the Bosnia Muslims, Kosovo Albanians and Croats to wage a public relations war against the Serbs. This was referred to as info war. (Sells, 1996.) In fact it is reported that the three factions paid a total of $320,000 for six months of work, between June and September 1992, Rudder Finn firm organized various activities on behalf of the Bosnian Muslims . For example, 30 press group meetings were organized and 37 last minute faxes sent. It also organized meetings between various high ranking people on the government of the US including the then vice president and Bosnian Muslim representatives. Rudder Finn considered its greatest success in propaganda as having succeeded in moving the American Jewish opinion in favor of the Bosnian Muslims, Croats and Kosovo Albanians. Osama bin laden Mujahideen forces were also involved and were part of a Bosnian army. (Askin, 1997) The US state department, who were the overseers of the fall of the Soviet Union, wanted Yugoslavia to go the same way. The new Balkan states such as Bosnia and Herzegovina were equated with batalic states, though erroneously. By going this divide and rule way, the US would be able to state its command on the political, military and commercial interest in the Balkans. The state department's goal was to create a weak Bosnia Muslim ruled state. A Bosnia dependent on the US for security, development and political viability. A State that would represent America's interests in the region. This was to be achieved by

I will tell you on the different file Assignment

I will tell you on the different file - Assignment Example This sounds like a feasibility study, but it is actually part of a much bigger picture: What can this farm operation do to become more profitable? Note that the decision about the type of bales would be part of the solution, but not the entire solution. This information is important to the audience because it will influence the way that the smart phone industry goes. If Samsung and other competitors of Apple cannot compete due to lawsuits or fear or breaking patent and copyrights, then Apple will become a virtual monopoly. Samsung will then be faced with withdrawing from the smart phone market completely, and would results in billions of dollars of lost revenue, but more importantly, the lost of a huge customer base. Once Samsung (and other smart phone companies) realize that it cannot compete with Apple, then the market will turn into a virtual monopoly. Another problem to consider is the fact that dropping out of the smart phone market may affect Samsung’s other lines of interest. Samsung’s top executives will be able to use sales figures to determine if any negative press from the court rulings is hurting sales of smart phones. A decision can then be made whether to continue in the smart phone market or withdraw if sales are down and/or Samsung products are banned from certain states or territories. There are still several court injunctions out against Samsung, but Samsung’s sales of smart phones continue to rise. In Q2 of 2012, it was estimated that Samsung had sold more handsets worldwide than Apple had. This is perhaps part of the reason why Apple has been so forceful in going to the

History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 21

History - Assignment Example Therefore, they transformed the environment into a rich agricultural sector (Blanco & Sanborn, 1993). However, these natives were still behind in innovations and technology. Initially, their proximity with wild animals resulted to illnesses that could not be cured. Many of them died due to lack of medical technology. Also, they did not possess any weapons, which put them to a disadvantage to the Europeans who had weapons. The Europeans were able to invade them and occupy most of the land due to their vulnerability (Blanco & Sanborn, 1993). .The European had experienced religious reforms. When they invaded North America, they intended to convert the Indians to Christianity. England chartered colonies in America for the purpose of colonization and trade (Blanco & Sanborn, 1993). Spain established colonies in North America because they intended to explore gold and silver. The native people resisted colonization by downing their tools. They halted all their economic activities. The natives died as a result of diseases, leading to reduction in labour force. Therefore, the Spanish imported slaves to replace servitude as a source of labour. The Spanish introduced mercantilism sin order to dominate trade. The southern colonies supported this processing by accepting imports from the Northern America. This is because they benefited more than the Northern colonies (Blanco & Sanborn,

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Reflection - Essay Example They are basically essential in communicating effectively and efficiently. For example, directives coming from the headquarters can be cascaded faster and clearly with the use of emails, texts fax and telephone calls. This is possible even if the receiving parties are located overseas at real time and costs almost nothing. Emails for example vitually shrunk the world into a small village because organizations can interact regardless of distance. The synergy betweent effective communication and information technology is inseparable. Communication is the content while information technology is the medium to dispense the information (Adeyemi-Bello, 2001). These information are critical to the organization because it affects not only on how the organization should act or react, but also on how it should create and place its products and services in the market which is essential in running a business. The interaction between the two is aimed towards a highly effective operations management that actually delivers the product or service to the customers that will satisfy the customer and make the organization more competitive in the

SLP Evolution of the Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SLP Evolution of the Problem - Essay Example However this cannot happen because the patients require medicines to take care of their ailments and illnesses, and they will keep going to the medics to make sure they remain healed. As far as the stakeholders of Medicare are concerned, the rising costs mean that they need to have more inventories within their ranks, which would mean that the expiry dates of the medicines would be close and hence some of these medicines would be redundant with the passage of time. The implications of this problem are immense as these could lead to shortage of customers within the markets and hence the stakeholders might feel that they have been hard done by. The Medicare stakeholders have a responsibility with regards to their business, and one must understand the same because the prescription drugs are indeed very quintessential. If the Medicare stakeholders find out alternatives, it is for their own good in the long run (Dukes 2001). When it comes to patients, one can realize the gravity of the scenario since they are the ones who would have to purchase inferior medicines at the expense of the ones that are prescribed by the doctors and medics. This is in direct contrast of the philosophy of giving the best possible treatment to the patients and as laid down in the Medicare regimes. The politics of international pricing have hurt the cause of these prescription drugs and the stakeholders are bearing the brunt for the same. There needs to be found a way which can tackle such regimes once and for all within the domains of the patients as well as the stakeholders (Harrison 2004). The major players within the field of medicines and health regimes are bringing in changes which have made the prices of these medicines and especially the prescription drugs out of control. These cost issues should be handled in such a way that attention is paid on the provision of the prescription drugs to the patients and the

Compensation HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compensation HR - Essay Example This is mainly used to determine which job should get a higher pay than the other. There are methods used in job evaluation such as job grading, job ranking and factor comparison. Job evaluation is advantageous as it helps to define a job according to an individual specialization so as to fix the fairest salary on it. Job evaluation analysis also helps when selecting a job that relates to the qualifications of an employee. Jobs are evaluated by ranking jobs. This is by evaluating a job using a single factor such as how technical a job is, or the educational level requires needed to perform the job effectively. The more technical a job and the higher the educational level required, the higher the job is ranked. Compensation is then based on the ranking where the highest in the rank is paid more (Poels and Frans 22). Salary surveys are normally used in job evaluation. This is by comparing a job with the same kind of job, with the same description and the same expectations in another organization in the job market. This helps in knowing how competitive the organization is as compared to other organizations. As a result of this survey, the ranges of salaries are normally revised as soon as the survey shows the need of a revision. This helps the organization stay competitive in the market. Compensation program is important in attracting and retaining talented employees. The program is normally done by the human resource manager. This is normally done together with the training and development officer. The aim of a training and development officer is to ascertain the performance of employees. This is so as to see if they have reached the set target of if they have improved in their performance. This helps the human resource manager department in efficiently administering the compensation program. Merit increase is given based on the performance of an employee where, if an employee performs better, they get a better compensation. There is

Psychosocial Development Essay Example for Free

Psychosocial Development Essay Psychosocial development is a terminology that was used by Erik Erikson in description of psychological development in relation to the human social environment. Generally, the theory is a personality theory that tries to examine the particular traits that are synonymous with the various stages of psychological development of human beings. Erick Erikson identified eight stages of psychosocial development but I will be focusing on the sixth stage which he called the stage of Intimacy vs.  Isolation. He argued that this stage occurs between ages 19 and 40 which fall under the early adulthood of human beings. According to Erikson, this stage is characterized by exploration of personal relationships (Wagner, 2006). This stage involves the individual facing the task of developing emotional and intimate relationship with others around him. However, Erickson maintained that this becomes impossible if the individual has not carved an identity for himself/herself (Carver Scheir, 2000). At this stage, there is a need to build intimate relationships which will affect the course of the individual’s life. However, Erikson identified that each stage is affected by the previous stage so when individuals fail to build a sense of identity for themselves, they are forced to go into isolation (Stevens, 1983). From my point of view, we have reason to believe some aspects of Erik Eriksson’s view. This is because I fall under this age bracket and I can identify with some of the things that Erikson highlighted in this theory. This stage is the stage when people get married and most people divorce. This is also the time when people decide on who they want to be and what they want to do with their lives. I believe that Erikson’s view on the whole might not be totally true but they surely help us as it identifies some basic things that characterize each stage of development. In conclusion, Erikson’s theory has been criticized by some scholars. One of the things that is leveled against his theory is that it is expensive to conduct such a research (Cole Cole, 1989).

The Importance Of Knowledge Management Management Essay

The Importance Of Knowledge Management Management Essay Knowledge is quite distinct from data and information in nature. Data includes facts, observations, or perceptions which may or may not be true. Information, according to is the content that represents analyzed data. Knowledge is defined in an area as justified true beliefs about relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area. The skills required for effective knowledge management are to identify, generate, acquire, diffuse and capture the most valuable benefits of knowledge that sets up a strategic advantage to the organizations. Knowledge life cycle consists of: creation, mobilization, diffusion and commoditization to explain the early emerging knowledge to it maturity. INTRODUCTION The knowledge has been created more and more nowadays. The important of knowledge management is recognized and effectively implement by many organizations. In this brief essay, I will explain the differences between knowledge and information. After that, there will be the discussion of the importance of knowledge management in the organization as well as how effective knowledge management can create competitive advantage for the organization. Also, the essay explains the skills required to effectively implement knowledge management process in the workplace through the explanation of knowledge life cycle. NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE According to Fernandez (2004), to define knowledge, we need to distinguish it from data and information. Although they are sometimes used interchangeably, knowledge is quite distinct from data and information in nature. Firstly, data includes facts, observations, or perceptions which may or may not be true. By itself, data shows the raw numbers or assertions and may therefore be devoid of context, meaning, or intent. However, it can be easily captured, stored, and communicated using electronic or other media (Fernadez, 2004). For example, the schedule of movies will be show in a day, or observation of number of left-handers in a group of people illustrates data. Information, according to Dalkir (2005), is the content that represents analyzed data. Also, Fernandez (2004) defined information as a subset of data, which only includes those data that possess context, relevance, and purpose. It means that information manipulates raw data to obtain a more meaningful indication of trends or patterns in the data. For example, for the cinema director, the numbers indicating the daily sold tickets (in dollars, quality, or percentage of daily sales) of each movie are considered information. So, the director can use such information to make decisions concerning pricing and extra or cancel some movie shows. According to Fernandez (2004), there are two different ways to distinguish knowledge from data and information. The first one considers knowledge to be at highest level in a hierarchy with information at the middle level, and data to be at the lowest level. By this view, knowledge refers to information that enables action and decisions, or information with direction. Although, knowledge is the richest and deepest of the three, and is consequently also the most valuable, it is intrinsically similar to information and data. In the more complete perspective way, according to which knowledge is intrinsically different form information, knowledge is defined in an area as justified true beliefs about relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area (Nonaka, 1994). For example, the daily sold tickets can be used, along with other information such as information on the pop corns and soft drinks sold at the cinema, to compute the total revenue. The relationship between the information is an example of knowledge. Hence, as what I understand, knowledge is how people get information from data, or more valuable information from less valuable information. THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Knowledge management was defined by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) as the process of applying a systematic approach to the capture, structure, management, and dissemination of knowledge throughout an organization in order to work faster, reuse best practices, and reduce cost of rework from project to project. It means that Knowledge management is the logical process that helps people to use knowledge effectively and efficiently. There are 4 business drivers that make knowledge management become important and increase in application for today according to Dalkir (2005). Firstly, the globalization of business means that the expansion of organization to global with multisite, multilingual, and multicultural in nature. The expansion results in the more complex work environment that all organizations have to face because of the increase in the number of subjective knowledge items. The second driver is the leaner organization. As the required work environment, people need to work faster and smarter as knowledge worker to adopting an increased pace and workload. Another business driver is the corporate amnesia. This driver explains that people as a workforce is no longer expect to spend entire work life with the same organization which will create problems of knowledge continuity for the organization and places continuous learning demands on the knowledge worker. Finally, technological advances make people more con nected. The advances in information technology not only have made connectivity ubiquitous but have radically changed expectations, which workers are expected to be on at all times. Base on the importance of the knowledge management, all organizations need to develop a suitable and effective approach to manage their knowledge. By doing so, they will get many benefits to create competitive advantages. At first, effective knowledge management approach will provide many benefits to each individual employees of the organization. It helps the employees in doing their job and save time through better decision making and problem solving. It builds a sense of community bonds within the organization and helps people to keep up to date. It also provides challenges and opportunities for employees to contribute. The effective approach also brings benefits to organization. It helps drive strategy for organization, solves problems more quickly, and diffuses best practices. Also, it improves knowledge embedded in products and services. It cross-fertilizes ideas and increases opportunities for innovation. In addition, it enables organizations to stay ahead of the competition be tter, and builds organizational memory. Therefore, in my point of view, knowledge management is essential for all type of business nowadays. With an effective knowledge management, the organization can facilitate collaboration and help knowledge worker connected. It also helps organization in making decision base on complete, valid and well interpreted data, information, and knowledge. LEADERSHIP AND THE SKILLS REQUIRED TO EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENT KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PROCESSES IN THE WORKPLACE Nowadays, most of organizations realize that the important of managing knowledge effectively. For doing so, they need to be always able to identify, generate, acquire, diffuse and capture the most valuable benefits of knowledge that sets up a strategic advantage to themselves. It also needs to have the ability to differentiate the information, which is digitizable, and true knowledge assets, which can only exist with in the context of an intelligent system (Dalkir, 2005). To be able to clearly understand the requirements for effectively implement knowledge management processes in the workplace, we may discuss the knowledge life cycle and strategies in each stages of the cycle. KNOWLEDGE LIFE CYCLE: Base on the research of Birmingham and Sheehan (2002), knowledge has a life cycle. Their study had showed that new knowledge is born as uncertainty thing, and it form into shape as it is tested, matures through implementation in reality, is diffused to a growing user, and finally becomes broadly understood and recognize as common practice. The knowledge can process through four stages of knowledge life cycle: creation, mobilization, diffusion and commoditization. Creation: At this stage, knowledge first appears in someoneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s head as an idea. In fact, no one can fully understand the idea or emerging knowledge, even if person creating it. In doing business, the suitable strategy in this early stage is to test the idea on its commercial viability. To encourage this activity, organizations need to create an environment which requires adjustments in the following areas: Informal Knowledge System: the organizations can lay out their space in an open plan that has many common areas, give their employees time to experiment, and provide resources for training programs and conferences in order to grow up knowledge effectively. Information Technology Systems: technology should be considered to connect people who have interest at highly specialized internet forums rather than to codify and store emerging knowledge. Human Resources: organizations regularly create knowledge should hire people in using new knowledge for critical feedback. External Relationship: the contact with external customers and suppliers will encourage the experimental of new idea. Mobilization: In this stage, knowledge continues to be improved, and the organization will extract more value from it. To achieve it, organizations need to mobilize knowledge internally and keep it away from outsiders. There are approaches for doing that: Informal Knowledge System: the organization can encourage the internal transferences among employees by building an internal network. Information Technology Systems: the IT should focus on technology that can enable the informal transfer of knowledge, and the system need to make it possible for adding comments on the subject from users. Human Resources: thinkers, doers, mavericks and pragmatists are needed in order to fully transform new ideas into valuable knowledge. External Relationships: it is still important to maintain strong relationship with customers and other partners in this stage. Diffusion: In this diffusion stage, the organizations will accept the leakage of knowledge, and no longer try to keep the knowledge under wraps. They will spread out the knowledge by selling it to outsiders. Again, the managers should consider following approaches in this stage: Informal Knowledge Systems: knowledge in this stage will be disseminated widely and quickly, which requires a system that focuses on training employees and encourage their use. Information Technology Systems: an extensive knowledge database will be useful for the organization during this stage. The competitive advantages will stem from the ease of access to information. Human Resources: customer consultants will be needed in this stage, so that they can work with customers and recognize the value of applying the knowledge to customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ problems. External Relationship: organizations should focus on building strong customers relationship by their services, and using their brand to create the differences with other competitors. Commoditization: The organizations concentrate on managing knowledge that is already well known. The basic knowledge has been completely diffused. However, there are many opportunities to extract value from current knowledge to generate one in this stage. The approached to extract value as follow: Informal Knowledge Systems: in this stage, the use of formal knowledge systems will be more valuable than the informal one. The systems will help the organization to supply the best practices that can add value to well developed processes, and encourage new ways of commercializing existing knowledge. Information Technology Systems: organizations should develop effective search engines and retrieval systems because of the significant volume of documents that have gathered overtime. Human Resources: it is similar to the requirements of the diffusion stage. However, the demand for the knowledge may decline the demand for the jobs will be reduced. It is better to use the contract employees to solve this problem. CONCLUSION Base on my research, knowledge is much different from data and information. It is how people use data to crate valuable information and from less valuable information to more valuable one. In other words, knowledge in an area can be defined as justified true belief about relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area. Every organization needs to implement effectively its knowledge management processes due to four important drivers. By doing so, it will bring many benefits to the business as well as the individual employees. The organizations need to understand the knowledge life cycle in order to manage the knowledge. The cycle comprises four stages, which are creation, mobilization, diffusion, and commoditization, points out the essential skill needs to effectively implement knowledge management process.

A Synopsis Of Tb Health And Social Care Essay

A Synopsis Of Tb Health And Social Care Essay Abstract TB or Tuberculosis being a bacterial disease is highly infectious but it has its cures and measures. The disease is a major point of concern in South Africa, especially in the areas of Western Cape. It is so common among them that one out of ten people develop this disease and if not treated in a timely and effective manner the infected person can affect 20 other people or more in a year. According to the World Health Organizations (WHOs) Global TB Report 2009, South Africa ranks fifth among the 22 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries. South Africa had almost 460,000 new TB cases in 2007, with a frequency rate of a projected 948 cases per 100,000 population a major raise from 338 cases per 100,000 population in 1998. (Source, (World Health Organization Statistics, 2009). A Synopsis of TB Tuberculosis being a bacterial disease is caused by micro-organism, a bacilli scientifically, Mycobacterium tuberculosis which enters the body by inhaling through the lungs. From where they can spread to other parts of the body through the blood, lymphatic system via airways or by direct transfer to other body organs. It develops in the body in two stages: Tuberculosis infection in which an individual breathes in the TB bacilli and becomes infected but the infection is contained by the immune system. The other stage is when the infected individual develops the disease himself. Out of those people who do become infected, most will never develop the disease unless their immune system is seriously damaged for instance by stress, HIV, cancer, diabetes or malnutrition. The bacteria remains dormant within the body if the patient is BCG injected. BCG immunization at the time of birth provides up to 80% protection against the progression TB infection to take form of a disease. A basic sign of TB is consistent cough of two weeks, so the earlier the patient goes to the clinic to get a check up, the more curable it is. Other severe signs are bleeding in cough, night sweating, weight-loss and short-breathing. TB in South Africa Africa and southern Africa In their 1997 reports on the tuberculosis epidemic and on anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world, the WHO paints a bleak picture of the global failure of health service providers to deal with the burden of tuberculosis. In the 216 reporting member countries of the WHO, representing a total population of 5,72 billion, there were an estimated 7,4 million new cases of tuberculosis in 1995. This represents a rate of 130 cases among every 100 000 persons. In Africa the case rate is 216 per 100 000. The 11 countries of the Southern Africa subregion contribute approximately 275 000 cases every year to the total case load in Africa. Almost half of these come from South Africa. In an analysis of tuberculosis trends and the impact of HIV infection on the situation in the subregion, it is estimated that by 2001 the smear positive case rate would have increased from 198 per 100 000 population for the region as a whole, to 681 per 100 000 if tuberculosis control efforts are not optimised. To aggravate the situation, 69% of these cases would be directly attributable to HIV infection.1 A serious complication of the tuberculosis problem in Southern Africa has been the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of the organism causing the disease. Patients infected with MDR require prolonged chemotherapy with very expensive medication which will at best cure only half of them. Such treatments cost at least 100 times as much as the cost of curing an ordinary tuberculosis patient infected with drug-sensitive bacteria. Very few countries can afford this additional burden. In order to determine the magnitude of the MDR problem in Southern Africa, and the implication for National Tuberculosis Programmes (NTPs), surveys are being conducted in various countries as part of the activities of the WHO/IUATLD Global Working Group on Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance. So far, information is available for four countries in southern Africa: Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa, and Swaziland. Results confirmed that initial resistance to first-line drugs is relatively low in southern Africa compared to some other regions in Africa and Asia where the problem is up to 5 times more common. Resistance rates range between 4% and 12% for isoniazid, and between 4% and 7% for streptomycin. For rifampicin it is 1% and for ethambutol 1%; MDR is fortunately still low at 1%, indicating that resistance strains are not commonly transmitted from person to person. On the other hand, rates for acquired resistance, that is resistance which has arisen in patients previously inadequately treated for tuberculosis, are at least three times higher than in patients not previously exposed to anti-TB medications. The high rates of acquired resistance point to a failure of control programmes to effectively manage case-holding and treatment adherence. TB Treatment The full course treatment time can stretch up to eight months with consistency as a major factor. People who stop treatment develop a multi-drug resistance which makes the disease more complicated. TB can prove fatal if not treated. The treatment is in two phases: The intensive phase consists of taking four different drugs for five days a week, for two to three months. The continuation phase consists of taking two drugs for five days a week for four to five months. Sputum tests are regularly taken every two months for keeping a check on the progress. DOTS The Department of Health in South Africa has implemented the World Health Organizations DOTS (directly observed treatment short course) technique to make sure patients adhere to treatment. DOTS have been implemented in a good number of clinics in the Western Cape. An essential element of the strategy is the support and back-up offered to TB patients for the entire six to eight-month treatment phase, where they are directly observed taking their medication at the clinic. The DOTS strategy is embedded in the following principles. Government Commitment The support of the national and provincial Heads of the Department of Health has significantly helped South Africa to implement the DOTS strategy. This support is essential because DOTS requires significant changes of approach and tends to challenge old practices. Although the strategy offers the least expensive way of tackling TB, often it requires substantial redirection of funds and this cannot happen without the political commitment and support of key decision makers. Directly Observed Treatment Short-course as a global initiative, is a breakthrough that is increasingly providing solutions to the control of the TB epidemic in South Africa. However, it is a new strategy and as such may seem at first complicated and confusing. This merely shows the need to effectively and adequately reorientate our resources and train health staff and treatment supporters to this strategy. This means that each one of us from all sectors has a major role to play. TB is everywhere and as such effective TB control should be practised everywhere. Good TB control is part of good district development. 2.2 Identifying Infectious Patients TB is a bacterial disease and bacterial tools should be used to manage it. The TB Control programme is moving away from chest x-rays as a primary method of diagnosis. A crucial element of DOTS is to use microscopes to ensure that infectious TB is reliably and cost -effectively diagnosed. The first priority and the key issue in the new programme is to cure infectious patients at the very first attempt to slow down the epidemic. The over use of x -rays is discouraged as the primary means to confirm the diagnosis of TB because it does not tell whether a patient is infectious, and it is difficult to distinguish between active TB and other lung diseases or scarring. This leads to over diagnosis so that health workers could be treating many patients that do not have active TB and are not sick with TB. More importantly, the TB epidemic in South Africa is approaching uncontrollable levels and energies should be concentrated on curing infectious TB patients to stop the spread of this disease. Only bacteriology identifies infectious patients. 2.3 Direct Observation of Treatment The implementation of DOTS ensures that every TB patient should have the support of another person to ensure that they swallow their medication daily. The treatment supporter does not have to be a professional health worker, but can be any responsible member of the community. Employers, colleagues and community members can act as treatment supporters. Using family members is often problematic but has been successful in exceptional cases. This person should know the signs and symptoms of TB, side effects of TB drugs and the importance of taking TB medication regularly for the patient. They should also motivate and empower patients and their families and provide them with a better understanding of TB and the importance of cure. Treatment supporters are best recruited as part of a community based system which is reviewed annually and its results documented. Treatment supporters should work closely with local health authorities. Because of the length of time, the patient has to take treatment, completing TB treatment is a special challenge and requires an unyielding sense of commitment. This may be easy to sustain while the patient feels sick. However, after a few weeks of taking treatment, patients often feel better and see no reason for continuing their treatment. It is thus essential for health workers or treatment supporters to be supportive and use the initial period to bond with the patient. This will enable them to build a strong relationship in which the patient believes and trusts advice given by the treatment supporter. 2.4 Standardized Drug Combinations A daily dose of a powerful combination of medications is administered to TB patients for five days a week. Combination tablets simplify treatment and ensure that drugs are not given separately and therefore decrease the risk of drug resistance. 2.5 Reliable Reporting System A reliable recording and reporting system is necessary in order to monitor progress. Sputum results should also be recorded to document smear conversion. This gives an accurate measurement of performance and one can identify areas which need support. The First Step to Filling the Country with DOTS: Setting up Demonstration and Training Districts (DTDs) in 1997 was one of the first crucial steps in the implementation of the DOTS strategy. In South Africa at least one Demonstration and Training area was identified in each province where all the elements of DOTS would be adopted in the management of TB services. Initially these areas would receive the necessary resources and support to ensure that they function well. When these districts demonstrate success in implementing DOTS they can be used as examples and training points to expand DOTS provincially and country-wide. Major Barriers Everyday TB kills nearly 5000 people, which is one person every 20 seconds. (WHO, Global TB Report, 2009). There is a presence of numerous barriers while accessing TB care especially in the poor communities: Economic Barriers Delay in seeking health care occurs due to lack of money for transport plus the time lost working. Socio-cultural Barriers Lack of awareness and stigma about TB. Geographical Barriers Long distances from health care facilities and TB diagnosis and treatment centers. Health System Barriers Delays in diagnosis as a result of knowledge lapse among health care workers. The ever existing barriers to the success of the targets involve overlooking of TB control by government, lack of monetary and human resources to provide regulation and quality control, weak and stigma health systems, poorly managed TB control health centers, poverty in majority of communities, population escalation and a significant boost in drug-resistant TB (particularly MDR-TB) and the recent, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Lack of new diagnostic tools has impeded progress in TB control programs. Perhaps the greatest challenge to achieving the TB targets, however, has been the ever-growing HIV outbreak and the resultant increase in HIV-associated TB. A regional emergency was once declared in the large parts of this region due to unrestrained epidemic of HIV-associated TB.  The start of such an epidemic as the TB/HIV one has seriously compromised even historically firm national TB programs working globally. TB programs are weighed down by this increasing volume of HIV-associated TB cases and by the necessity to manage cases and ensure treatment completion. in addition, TB is the leading source of death among HIV-infected persons, and HIV is the strongest forecast of progression from dormant TB infection to active disease. Thus, TB programs that were almost up to the mark by WHA-set global TB targets have seen their treatment and completion rates plummet. The TB/HIV combination has also had a remarkable impact on human resources.  In a labor force that has remained the same or shrinked, the increased overall number of TB patients has damaged TB programs infrastructure and amplified poor TB results such as treatment default, death and the emergence of XDR-TB. The HIV-associated TB epidemic has led to an escalating rate of smear-negative and extra pulmonary TB;  these forms of TB do not add to the case-detection targets and are more difficult to identify. Moreover, smear-negative TB has a worse prediction than smear-positive TB amongst those who are also HIV-infected. TB and HIV The HIV outbreak has led to a massive increase in the number of fatal TB cases. TB is not accountable for a third of all deaths in HIV infected people. People with HIV are far more vulnerable to TB infection, and are not as much able to fight it off. Recent studies by Wood, (2007) in a region with an approximate HIV prevalence of about 20% in Cape Town, calculated that the pulmonary TB-warning rate among HIV-infected persons in that area amounted to 5,140 cases per 100,000; and that the rate amongst HIV-uninfected individuals in the same area was 953 cases per 100,000. Using these statistics, the determinable fraction for TB among HIV-infected individuals in that area aggregated to 82 percent. Conclusion Recommendations The overall purpose of the project is to identify risk factors and make appropriate recommendations based both on the available evidence and the studies that stem from this project. As such, recommendations are structured in terms of the conceptual framework of this document. Nevertheless, the existing evidence from current data and literature reviews allows us to pinpoint areas where interventions are clearly required. On these grounds, we can make certain recommendations. Introduce epidemiologically-led behavioural interventions Reference has been made to the heterogeneity in HIV prevalence in the province (Shaikh et al, 2006). This unevenness is also apparent in the provincial TB profile. It is therefore important to identify the geographical focal points for interventions according to this disease distribution that has been identified by routine surveillance. Populations at high risk for infection may be identified according to geographical area, as well as according to other demographic factors such as age, sex and socio-economic status. By raising awareness in populations at high risk and targeting specific high risk behaviors, interventions will be more effective in lowering the incidence of new infections. Target hotspots first Once populations at risk have been identified, geographically discrete regions should be selected for resource allocation and focused interventions. An implementation of interventions based on the known and expected burden of disease will prioritise the roll out of a prevention strategy. Prevention efforts that address HIV infection should identify areas and populations where there are certain risk factors and areas of high HIV prevalence must apply concentrated intervention of TB programmes. Identify and manage at-risk groups earlier Behavioural and communication strategies for highest risk groups must be pro-active in their efforts, and target the false sense of security that exists regarding the risk of HIV infection. At-risk populations should include vulnerable groups such as women, and also specific groups such as prisoners, commercial sex workers, mobile persons and labour migrants. Awareness of the risk of TB among HIV infected people must be raised both in communities and within the health service. Integrate prevention and treatment While evaluating the effectiveness of prevention programmes within an epidemiological context, the potential future impact of treatment of both HIV/AIDS and TB needs to be examined. Adapt relevant public services Goal-directed partnerships between social-cluster group departments should be actively pursued. Resource allocation must be rationalised within a broader spectrum than only the health services. The high burden of TB must be taken into account in this process, and be assigned equal importance as the efforts against the spread of HIV. In addition to intersectoral collaboration towards intervention for both these infectious diseases, more effort must be made to integrate the management of HIV/AIDS with TB. .

The Role of Adult Basic and Literacy Education Essays -- Adult Educati

The Role of Adult Basic and Literacy Education With the passage of the 1988 Family Support Act (FSA), adult basic and literacy education was linked to welfare reform. Based on experimentation with welfare reform during the previous decade, the FSA created the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program (JOBS). JOBS, which requires states to make educational services available to welfare recipients, was created in response to the general consensus that welfare recipients are not well prepared to enter the work force (Cohen et al. 1994). One of its major underlying assumptions is "that a strong foundation of literacy and basic skills is critical to the successful transition to employment and self-sufficiency for AFDC parents-especially young parents" (National Institute for Literacy 1994, p. 2). The educational and skill levels of welfare recipients as a group are lower than that of the general adult population. For example, compared to 27 percent of the general adult population, nearly 50 percent of welfare recipients do not have a high school diploma (NIFL 1994). Also, 30 percent of welfare recipients have basic skills below those of the minimum skill level of all women in the lowest occupational skill areas (Cohen et al. 1994). Thus, to the architects of the FSA, a logical avenue for assisting welfare recipients in achieving economic self-sufficiency was to provide those who needed it adult basic and literacy education services through JOBS. The need for this assistance has subsequently been supported: an estimated two-thirds of JOBS enrollees require basic skills enhancement before they are able to enter the work force (ibid.). The other third are placed in employment more immediately, either in the private secto... ...elfare as We Know It?" Summary Briefing Paper. Washington, DC: NIFL, June 1994. (ED 372 279) Pauly, E.; Long, D. A.; and Martinson, K. Linking Welfare and Education: A Study of New Programs in Five States. New York, NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, May 1992. (ED 346 266) Pauly, E., and Martinson, K. "Adult Education-A New Stimulus from Welfare Reform." Adult Learning 5, no. 2 (November-December 1993): 15-16. Reder, S., and Wikelund, K. R. Steps to Success: Literacy Development in a Welfare-to-Work Program. Portland, OR: Literacy, Language & Communication Program, Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, November 1994. Wikelund, K. R. Motivations for Learning: Voices of Women Welfare Reform Participants. NCAL Technical Report TR93-10. Philadelphia: National Center on Adult Literacy, University of Pennsylvania, October 1993. (ED 364 748).

Mother Daughter Relationships - The Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club :: Joy Luck Club Essays

Mother-Daughter Relationships in The Joy Luck Club In The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan explores mother-daughter relationships, and at a lower level, relationships between friends, lovers, and even enemies. The mother-daughter relationships are most likely different aspects of Tan's relationship with her mother, and perhaps some parts are entirely figments of her imagination. In this book, she presents the conflicting views and the stories of both sides, providing the reader--and ultimately, the characters--with an understanding of the mentalities of both mother and daughter, and why each one is the way she is. The book is organized into four sections, two devoted to the mothers and two devoted to the daughters, with the exception of June. The first section, logically, is about the mothers' childhoods in China, the period of time during which their personalities were molded, giving the reader a better sense of their "true" selves, since later in the book the daughters view their mothers in a different and unflattering light. Tan does this so the reader can see the stories behind both sides and so as not to judge either side unfairly. This section, titled Feathers From a Thousand Li Away, is aptly named, since it describes the heritage of the mothers in China, a legacy that they wished to bestow on their daughters, as the little story in the beginning signifies. For many years, the mothers did not tell their daughters their stories until they were sure that their wayward offspring would listen, and by then, it is almost too late to make them understand their heritage that their mothers left behind, long ago, when they left China. The second and third sections are about the daughters' lives, and the vignettes in each section trace their personality growth and development. Through the eyes of the daughters, we can also see the continuation of the mothers' stories, how they learned to cope in America. In these sections, Amy Tan explores the difficulties in growing up as a Chinese-American and the problems assimilating into modern society. The Chinese-American daughters try their best to become "Americanized," at the same time casting off their heritage while their mothers watch on, dismayed. Social pressures to become like everyone else, and not to be different are what motivate the daughters to resent their nationality. This was a greater problem for Chinese-American daughters that grew up in the 50's, when it was not well accepted to be of an "ethnic" background.

Outsourcing IT Jobs: Pros And Cons Essay -- Outsourcing Globalization

Outsourcing IT Jobs: Pros and Cons In 1973, a monumental shift was prevailing where U.S. companies were sending low skilled jobs within the manufacturing industry to offshore countries to reduce labor cost while maximizing profits. The effect of the jobless manufacturing work force was a shift of those laborers to focus on and perfect the service industry of what it is today (Koch 1). During the high tech recessions of the late 1990s and a nominal expansion of the present time, the Information Technology industry, an industry which through continuous innovations enabled the companies and corporations of America to become more efficient and productive, is also facing the outsourcing similarity with manufacturing. While outsourcing manufacturing jobs offshore requires movement of raw materials and building new factories, Information Technology jobs could be outsourced much quicker than manufacturing jobs, as the majority of its roles and responsibilities are mobile. Overseas outsourcing of IT jobs has quickly become a controversial national issue. Outsourcing involves far more complicated advantages and disadvantages than the debaters on either side are willing to admit (Weidenbaum). Outsourcing can help a company operate in an increasingly competitive global marketplace. Outsourcing can enable a business to provide 24/7 coverage, especially for consumers who need around-the-clock support (Weidenbaum). In the next several paragraphs, I will discuss from a microeconomic level the actions that my employer implemented to take advantage of globalizing the work force to reduce costs, the issues my organization is facing with offshore efforts on the other hand, and then the cost associated with this trend towards macroeconomic wi... ...el to the U.S. macroeconomic perspective. Therefore, in the best interest of the American economy, political influences should intervene by either providing corporate tax breaks to offset the labor cost or slow the off shoring efforts by making U.S. companies aware of all the complications that go along with outsourcing Information Technology jobs overseas. Works Cited Goodwin, Bill. â€Å"Outsourcing users taken by surprised†. Computer Weekly. (2006): 4. Koch, Christopher. â€Å"Back Lash.† CIO Magazine. (2003): 1 – 3. http://www.cio.com/archive/090103/backlash.html Koch, Chris. â€Å"What CIOs Can Do.† CIO Magazine. (2003): 1. Terry, Rory L. â€Å"Answers on Outsourcing.† CNN Money Magazine. (2004): 1 – 3. Weidenbaum, Murray. â€Å"Outsourcing: Pros and Cons†. Executives Speeches (2004): 31 - 35 http://www.cio.com/archive/090103/backlash_sidebar_2.html

Powers of police Essay

Polo Games limited was initially involved in manufacture and sale of electronic typewriters changed its product line and started developing and manufacturing hand held computer games and devices. From the scenario of this company it comes out clearly that the company was involved fraudulent and counterfeiting practices and as such it was suspected of having committed a crime. The police came to the business premises one day to search, arrest and seize suspected counterfeit materials used in the fraudulent activities. Police have the powers conferred up on them to do the search and make arrests. Such powers are outlined hereunder: Police and other government authorities have been conferred some powers to arrest, search and even seize property. These powers are available for use by such authorities only in the given circumstances and conditions. For instance the power to search a person for anything is allowed when the person can cover up evidence relating to an offence, or anything which might enable the person to escape from unlawful custody. Other reason or conditions is to search to an extent which is reasonably required to get the required evidence (http://www.11kbw.co.uk/html/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008). Police have powers conferred to them that enable them to enter and search premises. These powers of entry and search states that: power to enter and search a premise in which a suspected person is hiding; the power only applies to the extent that the police man has reasonable grounds to in believing that there is evidence in the premises. Section 18 of the EPA (Emergency Provisions Act 1996) gives the police power particularly the cop who is the rank of inspector to gain entry into premises occupied by a person under arrest. The inspector in this case should have sufficient belief that there is some evidence in the premises. When such an officer gets into the premises they are covered by the power conferred to them to seize any materials which are suspicious or can be used as evidence in court. This power is deemed critical in cases where it is assumed that some delay may lead to destruction of evidence by the suspected person. Section 17 of the EPA also mandates the police to enter into premises of suspected people in order to execute a warrant of arrest or arrest a person who has committed an arrestable offence. Other reasons for entry and search could involve the capturing of a person who has escaped from the police custody. Such person could have had committed a business related offence. Also in the context of business, police enters or force their way into a premise when there is anticipated damage of the property or evidence. There is section 19 of the EPA which mandates the police officers to enter premises and seize all things obtained through commission of crimes or which act as evidence related to crime.   Police also have power to seize property where there is evidence that it relates to given offence. The basis of this is to prevent the suspect from concealing, losing, altering or destroying the evidence.   Police officers have powers to arrest any person whom they have sufficient evidence or reasonable ground to suspect as having committed or is about to commit crime. To enter business premises, police normally have to obtain warrant from Justice of Peace. The Justice of Peace only grants such warrants when fully convinced that there is sufficient strength of the offence committed. Police seeking such warrants must specify reasons for the search and the things or items to be looked for. Reference: Police powers of search and seizure, available at: http://www.11kbw.co.uk/html/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008

Rhetorical Analysis for “Ways of Talking” Essay

The optimist sees the rose and not its thornsÍ ¾ the pessimist stares at the thorns, oblivious of the rose†, said Kahil Gibran, a Lebanese artist, poet, and writer. In other words, optimists see the more favorable side of the flower, the beauty of the rose, while pessimists focus on the negative parts, blinding their view of the beauty. Ha Jin’s poem relates to this because he illustrates the change from a pessimist to an optimist. In his poem â€Å"Ways of Talking†, Jin explicates the beauty that arises once we rid of our negative minds. Jin uses the word â€Å"grief† to explain that we used to choose to lament, then we couldn’t help to, and finally we stopped doing so. Why did he incorporate â€Å"grief†? Why not â€Å"mourning† or â€Å"bereavement†? Grief is a response to loss, as is mourningÍ ¾ although, mourning results in a loss that produces a strong emotional response, one much stronger than grief . Grief is used because Jin is getting across that whatever causes it can be overlookedÍ ¾ we need only to find the positive in losses. He includes repetition of â€Å"talking about/expressing grief† to elucidate the stages of choosing to focus on negatives, being able to only see the negatives, and deciding to stop focusing on negatives.

The Price of Beauty

In today’s society it is believed that being of a certain color, a certain weight, and having specific characteristics is what makes someone beautiful. The movie â€Å"Little Miss Sunshine† directed by: Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris, is about a young girl named Olive who dreams of being in beauty pageants. In the first scenes of the movie it shows Olive mimicking the winner of the Miss America pageant in ah and amazement. Olive is invited to the Little Miss Sunshine pageant in California by default, which leads her and her dysfunctional family on a great journey to California. Although the journey is filled with turmoil and loss, their main priority is to get Olive to the pageant. At first glance, Olive is not what one would think of when beauty comes to mind. She is pudgy, very tall for her age, with black rimmed coke bottle glasses, and a style only she can appreciate. By setting a specific model and certain standards The Little Miss Sunshine pageant is a symbol of commercialized American beauty. The pageant is a shallow representation of beauty in America. Children’s beauty pageants are filled with prosthetic teeth, fake and teased hair, makeup, and very risque outfits. This is what America is portraying to society and even more to its young contestants as being beautiful. Anna L. Wonderlich of the University of Minnesota did a study on twenty two women, eleven had participated in childhood beauty pageants and eleven had not. â€Å"This study evaluated the association between childhood beauty pageants and adult disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, depression, and self-esteem. Childhood pageant participants scored higher on body dissatisfaction, interpersonal distrust, and impulse deregulation than non-participants, and showed a trend toward greater ineffectiveness. (Wonderlich) Many of the young contestants are led to believe that if they fit into a specific mold rather than being themselves they will be beautiful. By being judged on their outer appearance, it begins to take an effect on their psyche, self-esteem levels, and the way they see themselves. When only being judged and criticized on what is wrong with them, they take that same mind set in their older and later years. By allowing the young girls to prance and parade on stage in their flashy costumes they are seen and represented as a young sex symbol. The young girls receive indecent and unnecessary attention from older men. The former America Little Royal Miss, JonBenet Ramsey was killed at the age of six the same age Olive is portraying in the movie. Not only was her murder gruesome it is a mystery; she was found gagged and sexually molested in her parents basement. After her death the children’s beauty pageant world was put under great scrutiny for the â€Å"novelty of putting mascara on the lashes of a 6-year-old. †(Alder) Many wondered and still do why this little girl was targeted, was it because of her participation in the beauty pageants that make her look a younger version of Marilyn Monroe? The world will never know, the reasons behind this grisly murder, but the thought of JonBenet and beauty pageants will always stick out in the public’s mind. Olive represents an unconventional ideal of beauty. When Olive registers for the beauty pageant all the attention of the other contestants parents, and the girls is placed on her. They stare and make rude comments and gestures, because Olive does not look like the other beauty contestants that all remind one of a miniature Barbie, while in this scene Olive is still in her jeans and converses she most definitely stands out. Olive is soon approached by a set of twin girls. â€Å"Are you on a diet?†¦ What?†¦.. Are you on a diet?†¦ No!†¦ I didn’t think so! † It is believed that one must be skinny to be perceived as beautiful or even attractive to many. Although Olive is faced with criticism she remains confident, optimistic and strong. This is shown in one of the end scenes when she is getting ready for the pageant. Olive’s dad- â€Å"I don’t want Olive to go on. † Sheryl- â€Å"Are you kidding? † Dad- â€Å"We’re not in Maryland anymore, all right! She’s out of her league here. † Sheryl- â€Å"So? † Dad- â€Å"Sheryl! She’s not gonna win. There’s no fucking way†¦.. Dwayne, the brother- â€Å"Where’s Olive? I don’t want Olive doing this†¦. Mom, look around! This place is fucked! I don’t want these people judging Olive! Fuck them!†¦.. She’s not a beauty queen mom. † Sheryl- â€Å"Olive is who she is. This is what she’s chosen to do. † Olive is off stage and is able to hear everything that is being said. The assistant comes on stage and notes it is time for Olive to go on but she does not move. Sheryl to Olive- â€Å"You don’t have to do this if you don’t want. If you want to sit this one out, that’s fine, we’re proud of you anyway, oka y. † Olive says to the assistant- â€Å"Okay let’s go. † Her brother and her father rush backstage to stop her from humiliating herself because she does not look like the other blonde beauties that are competing. They are afraid that she will be embarrassed and are trying to protect her, but sometimes trying to protect one only hurts them even more. Olive knows she does not look like the rest of the girls, but having her family support is what’s important to her and that they see her as beautiful for who she is. Although she does not have the expensive outfits, big hair, and the tiny physique she is who she is and that she doesn’t have to conform to those standards to be beautiful. Beauty is not a specific characteristic; it is a combination of attributes, personality, and self-esteem. One does not have to have a specific look to beautiful, being beautiful starts in the soul if one has an ugly soul then what is on the inside portrays the outside. Although Olive may not look like the average beauty contestant, everything about her screams beauty; she is sweet, kind, caring, and has a beautiful soul; she knows who she is, and believes in herself even when others do not. By not conforming to the commercialized standards of American beauty, Olive is the definition of what beauty should be.

Marvel Corporate Stucture

The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Inc. at a price of $4. 24 billion, on December 31, 2009. Since then Marvel Entertainment has been run as a limited liability company under the Walt Disney Company. Isaac Perlmutter CEO of Marvel Entertainment continued to retain his position after the Disney purchase and he now â€Å"oversee Marvel properties and will work with Disney's corporate branch to integrate Marvel's properties under the Disney umbrella. (w1) â€Å"Disney is the perfect home for Marvel's fantastic library of characters given its proven ability to expand content creation and licensing businesses,† said Perlmutter. â€Å"This is an unparalleled opportunity for Marvel to build upon its vibrant brand and character properties by accessing Disney's tremendous global organization and infrastructure around the world. â€Å"(w1) Corporate structure at marvel Entertainment is further divided base on the company’s operating divisions and subsidiarie s.The three divisions part of Marvel Entertainment are Marvel Toys, Marvel Television, and Spider-man Merchandising, L. P. Marvel Toys, the toy division of Marvel Entertainment is run by Isaac Perlmutter. Marvel Television launched in 2010 is run by Jeph Loeb. And Spider-man Merchandising, L. P is â€Å"a joint venture of Marvel and Sony Pictures Consumer Products Inc, which owns the rights to Spider-Man movie related licensed products. †(w2) Much of the media content that comes from Marvel Entertainment is produced under several different subsidiaries. ? Marvel Entertainment International Limited Marvel Film Productions LLC ? Marvel Internet Productions LLC ? Marvel Property, Inc. ? Marvel Toys Limited ? MRV, Inc. ? MVL Development LLC ? MVL International C. V. intellectual property holding companies ? Marvel Characters, Inc. ? Marvel Characters B. V. ? Marvel International Character Holdings LLC ? Marvel Publishing, Inc. ? Marvel Studios ? MVL Film Finance LLC ? Marvel Anim ation B. Corporate Culture Since new came out about Disney’s acquisition of Marvel Entertainment many critics said it would have an enormous effect on the culture at marvel.Several of these early reports were due to the fact of contrast between Marvel’s dark villains and heroes, and Disney’s more kid friendly characters. Manny people feared that the parent company Disney would try to change many of Marvel’s franchise characters, and viewed this change in corporate culture as a weakness to the future of Marvel Entertainment. However they way Marvel and Disney operate as a business is not very different from one another. In comparing Marvel’s previous mission statement to Disney one can see that there is not much reasoning as to why this acquisition would be a weakness to Marvel.Marvel’s previous mission statement: â€Å"Marvel's operations are focused on utilizing its character franchises in licensing, entertainment, publishing and toys. Are as of emphasis include feature films, DVD/home video, consumer products, video games, action figures and role-playing toys, television and promotions. Rooted in the creative success of over sixty years of comic book publishing, Marvel's strategy is to leverage its character franchises in a growing array of opportunities around the world. †(w3) Disney’s Mission statement: The mission of The Walt Disney Company is to be one of the world's leading producers and providers of entertainment and information. Using our portfolio of brands to differentiate our content, services and consumer products, we seek to develop the most creative, innovative and profitable entertainment experiences and related products in the world. † (w4) Moreover Bob Iger, president and CEO of Disney has said â€Å"Marvel brings added value to Disney, but [they] are allowed to retain their unique culture. † (w5) Using the Disney acquisition of Pixar in 2006, Iger has been true to his word i n allowing acquired companies to continue to work under their own corporate culture.W1 http://www. lifthill. com/news/disney-to-purchase-marvel-entertainment/W2 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marvel_EntertainmentW3 http://rochester. iweb. bsu. edu/profile. htmlW4 http://retailindustry. about. com/od/retailbestpractices/ig/Company-Mission-Statements/Walt-Disney-Mission-Statement. htmW5 http://micechat. com/forums/news/138873-iger-disney-innovated-pixar-marvel. html

Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 6

Employment Law - Essay Example But if however, there are no norms that could force Richard to work in an area, or department which he is not supposed to work in the normal course of his duties, the subsequent developments and his dismissal could perhaps be viewed as an unfair dismissal, depending upon what constitutes unfair dismissal in the context of this case and the contractual agreement between Richard and his employer Further it is seen that a dismissal could also be termed as an unfair one, â€Å"If your employer dismisses you for exercising or trying to exercise one of your statutory (legal) employment rights† which include, interalia â€Å"An employees  statutory employment rights include a right to a written statement of employment particulars.† (Employment: unfair dismissal, n.d.). Thus, it could be said that indiscipline arouse because Richard was asked to work in a department which was outside his job description.. In the event there is a contract of employment between Richard and his employer, it would specifically stipulate the kind of work that Richard would be expected to do, and dismissing him on ground that he refused to do work which he was not expected to do in the first place, could be viewed as a kind of unfair dismissal. The fact of indiscipline (walking out of the office) has been a natural consequence of Richard being asked to do work that was not really needed of him to perform, and he could hardly be held responsible for it. Another factor that is favourable for Richard is that he has been working for the last ten years or so, which speaks well of his long term employment track record. Further, under Section 98 (1) (a) of ERA 1996, it is necessary for the employers to exhibit the causes for their decision to dismiss the said employee, and again under Section 98 (4) (a), having complied with Section 98(a), the fact whether the decisions was reasonable or unreasonable depends â€Å" (a) on whether in the circumstances (including the size and administrative

Experimental economics summary paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Experimental economics summary paper - Essay Example These aspects tend to be the deciding factors as to when and why humans cooperate or they don’t. The author has used the single trial public goods and the multiple trail experiments to analyse human behaviour and how that affects the economy to a certain extent. In case of the former, it was found that the players could be segregated in two categories- 1: strong free riders, who did not want to contribute anything to the economy 2: weak free riders, who may or may not contribute towards public good and just want to enjoy the benefits (Dawes & Thaler, 1988) In case of the latter, it was found that more the subjects were put through repetitive experiments, the lesser cooperative they grew and even lesser they contributed towards public good. However, both cannot be considered as precise predictions or concrete results to any research. The other theory that has been highlighted by the author is that of reciprocal altruism being a major factor in deciding the contribution level. I t has been observed through experiments that humans tend to cooperate more when there is expectation that the same will be reciprocated. However, this theory has its own drawbacks.

Historical site visiting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Historical site visiting - Essay Example Another identifiable element at the site is a mausoleum located on a hill. The mausoleum was named after its constructor, Austell. A lamp with marks from Atlanta’s bombing of the nineteenth century is also a feature of the site. The lamp is located near one of the site’s major graves. The cemetery is also identified with burials of prominent historic people in the locality. It is a resting place for a number of former local mayors (Oakland, p. 1). Diversity and stratification is another observable feature of the site. It is divided into sections, each with distinct characteristics. The most notable is the ‘Confederate’ area that is identified for burial of civil war soldiers. A monument, called ‘confederate obelisk’ that was established to mark the end of civil war, rest in the section. There is also an identifiable area with Jewish culture embedded in the graves’ designs. ‘Potter’s section’ and ‘black section’ are also identified sites of the cemetery that illustrate segregation on economic and racial basis. It is explained that the poor, who could not afford graveyards were buried at the potter’s section while the designated ‘black section’ is associated with the period of racial discrimination and was majorly for burial of blacks. A mass grave, associated with victims of yellow fever in the nineteenth century is also characteristic of the cemetery. The site is however not as active as in earlier period as many of the dated graves were used before the twenty first century (Oakland, p. 1). One of the strengths of the site is its preservation of history. Division of the cemetery into sections, each with distinct features communicates historical social stratification that was extended to the cemetery. Similarly, monuments that were established in the site preserves history of the events upon which they were developed (Oakland, p. 1). The cemetery’s sight also communicates weaknesses. Lack or repair and

Argumentation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Argumentation - Research Paper Example casualties while maximizing destruction and death abroad. That Obama was elected through the use of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Mahatma Gandhi, and Jesus Christ in his moral rhetoric makes the use of violent force in government policy problematic. For example, if we are to ask whether these teachers accept the use of deadly force and violence as a means to solve political problems or social issues, the answer would be an unequivocal no – not in any instance. It can be further argued that by invoking MLK, Gandhi, his Christian faith, and his unique family history, the President communicated a point of view to the electorate that was expressive of his moral sense of identity. If Obama as President continues to pursue what the Washington Times describes as â€Å"neoconservative policies† through military action abroad, he is indeed going against the moral tone that he communicated to his base in seeking election and should be held accountable in the upcoming 2012 election for it. The Washington Times (2011) writes in the editorial: â€Å"Mr. ... For now anyway. Mr. Obama’s motive - trying to dislodge an authoritarian regime in the name of the Libyan people - are solidly within the neoconservative framework.† (Washington Times, 2011) The article is limited in space but could have clearly noted that Obama has pursued the â€Å"Just War† doctrine through his policy of escalation in Afghanistan and Pakistan while drawing down in Iraq, and Libya is the latest example of that policy. President Obama’s 2009 Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech can be seen as one of the main locations where he develops the â€Å"Just War† doctrine and with it his reasons why he cannot or will not implement a purely pacifist foreign policy as advocated by Gandhi and MLK particularly. (NYT, 2009) What the Washington Times suggests is that at heart Obama is no different that Nixon or Eisenhower, who like the majority of Americans would â€Å"believe in† Christianity and not see it as inconsistent with war. Yet, t he Washington Times is not writing the editorial to advocate the position of MLK and Gandhi in politics, they are writing to exult with glee as Obama again sells these principles out and the â€Å"moral Left† writhes in agony. The implication of this tone is happier still in that the writers expect that Obama will likely lose the election, having sold out his moral base continually throughout his administration. Following the Washington Times arguments, it is easy to view the Obama administration’s economic policies as no real change from the neo-conservative Bush administration. President Obama continued the Wall St.â€Å"bailout† policies enacted by the Bush administration as well as expanding them. President Obama’s majority-led Congress extended the Bush tax cuts in another example of neo-conservative policy.

Media Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Media - Assignment Example In fact, the music is associated with the gang life rather than a liberation movement. Sports have changed the lifestyle of people because of the engagement in sport both as players and fans of the game. Changes in technology have ensured that sports can be played even at night (Beverly and Thomson 78). The desire to watch games has ensured the media technology that has changed significantly. People watch games on 3D television sets and even develop affiliation to a certain type of game. The advertisement of the sports has been intensive leading to the creation of association and loyalty. The sampling of a population for a survey is complex especially when the number of individuals involved is large. For the company, it cannot survey all its employees due to the cost constraints. However, the sample size should reflect the dynamic nature of the population including the special interest groups. For the 160,000, the company must be able to cover over 75% of the entire population which gives confidence level of 75% and above. Therefore, the company must survey close to 100,000 employees to ensure

Pharmacokinetics of Sotalol and Propranolol Assignment

Pharmacokinetics of Sotalol and Propranolol - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that Sotalol is an important anti-arrhythmic, class II/III drug. It is an oral drug with equal amounts of two enantiomers: D- and L--sotalol. Both enantiomers have the potency to act as non-selective blockers. The L – enantiomer gives greater benefits by acting as beta- blockade for a long-term period. L- Sotalol has 38% protein binding capacity and D-sotalol has 35% protein binding capacity. D-sotalol has no beta-blocking activity. The action potential of sotalol is due to the L-isomer and it also acts as alpha- blocker, while D-sotalol acts as anti-arrhythmic. D-sotalol has 30 to 60 times lower affinity than L-sotalol. On the other hand, in the case of Propranolol, there are two isomers: D and L – propranolol. D-propranolol binds to the proteins more extensively than L- propranolol. The L–isomer of propranolol is the biologically active form of the drug. It is nearly absorbed orally and metabolized in the liver on its f irst passage. D-propranolol is inactive in beta-adrenoreceptor blocking activity. So, it was observed that isomerism leads to many therapeutic and adverse drug reactions. D and L–propranolol have membrane stabilizing the property and this racemic mixture reduces the heart rate and the force of contraction in treated animals. The pharmacokinetic parameters of sotalol were studied in dogs and rats. Dogs had a higher volume of distribution and the elimination of the drug was through renal excretion. In rats, the high concentration of sotalol was observed in various tissues. The half-life of the drug was longer than other beta-adrenergic blockers in dogs. The beta blockade was observed without any change in the blood pressure in dogs.

I would like you to spend some time looking at images of this poster, Outline

I would like you to spend some time looking at images of this poster, and to note down your thoughts about it - Outline Example The use abstract shapes, rather than realistic shapes are also one of the ways that makes the image more effective. This is because; the different geometrical shapes that have been used can bring out different meanings only to the individuals who understand the shapes. Therefore, I believe that the abstract shapes are more effective as they inspire more individuals to view this image and dig deeper into the real meaning of the image. The use of abstract shapes also helps in keeping the image discrete. The choice of colors and shapes were well considered. The use of wedge shape due to the sharp edges brings out the perception of harm or danger as opposed to the circle which is more vulnerable to sharp objects. The use of red against white color also depicts one group being dangerous and the other being peaceful, therefore, the choice of colors and shapes have been used effectively. The shapes arrangement is also a great way of passing the message of some sort of conflict going on in the image. The smaller pieces add to more feel as they emphasize the larger wedge shape to be more dominant than the circle and other

Death Row #7 CJ202 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Death Row #7 CJ202 - Research Paper Example The lawmakers introduced, passed and signed a bill  in November 2007,  which led to the abolishing of the death penalty. This made New Jersey the first state to abolish the death penalty. The court argued that the death penalty was costly and posed a risk to killing innocent lives. They also concluded that the penalty was painful to the victim’s families and the community as well, thus reduced it to life imprisonment (Peters, 2007). Illinois became the 16th state to abolish the death penalty in March 2011. The state had for more than a decade imposed a moratorium on execution. The concerns raised after the justice system wrongly condemned 13 men made them realize that it was possible to prosecute innocent people. In January 2011, the lawmakers voted to abandon death penalty. After the vote, their governor, Pat Quinn, took two months to check on this issue by looking at all aspects and consulting prosecutors, death penalty opponents, victims of the families, and religious leaders. He later concluded that creating a perfect system that is free of mistakes and discrimination of race or economic status would be impossible (Vogue and Pinto, 2007). With the abolishment, all death penalty sentences reduced to life imprisonments. Vogue A. and Pinto B. (2007). Illinois Abolishes Death Penalty; 16th State to End Executions. Retrieved on March 25 2012 from

America Experience in Nineteenth Century Essay Example for Free

America Experience in Nineteenth Century Essay During the half of nineteenth century in America, it really brought in experience to the recently happenings. Throughout this period, more individuals were trying so hard to carve out their own versions of the American dream and create their own definition on citizenship. Despite the obvious diversity of experience, most historians such as, Andrew Carnegie, Mary Church Tyrell and minor individuals argue that the mentioned experience shared commonalities are the foundation of American experience.                  Andrew Carnegie tries too hard to explain the gospel of wealth whereby he states that the rich and the poor can be tied together in harmonious relationship by proper administration of wealth. He says that the contrast between millionaires and cottage laborers currently measures change that has come with civilization. This change in wealth approves to be so beneficial and essential for the progress of the race in refinements of civilization that a house is the household for all. There is no bias in the change in the wealth since today the world obtains commodities at excellent quality prices in which the poor and the rich can enjoy with no prejudice (Andrew 23).                There is a great indifference lynching on the side of the church due to barbarism at homes (Mary 178). She pledges to the forei.gn missionary work that they should inaugurate crusades against barbarism at homes that has conformed hundreds of people into savage. This context is contrary rebellious to biblical teachings since only ignorance and lawlessness to date has led to people criticizing the effort put forth by the churches in the Negro’s behalf.                     During the times, there were wars and fight that took over so as they could get lands to settle in. they fought with the Indians, took over their properties such as, horses and cattle, and carried them away (Chief Joseph 187). The Indians were left homeless and some lost their lives during the wall. The author always prayed that the white men would live as brethren and that the case today. During the times, America was so strong and worked together for a certain goal and that is why they won the battle against the Indians.                     During the century, people in America slept in a ranch and ate cook shack most of the time. During the round up, and occasional other spells, people slept in the open and ate their chuck when squatted on their haunches around the check wagon. Besides feeding on beef and beans, they played wild games whenever the cooky took the notation or one of the waddies would decide to diverge the meat deal by going out and shooting some games (Sheldon 37).                From the past, women have been held responsible for the health of the community a function that is now represented by the health department. Certainly, the military conception to educate children so as they are equipped with kindergartens andare given a decent place for play, these things have traditionally in the hands of women (Jane 64). Most of the departments in modern cities can be traced as women’s traditional activities for example; home cleanliness and wholesome was in the hands of women but recently is represented by Bureau of Teenagers House Inspection                   Chinese people were given an appeal from the American citizens, on the pedestal fund of the Bartholdi Statue of Liberty. Chinese never believed in liberty since they had a lot of hardship while the other nationalities were free (American Missionary 290). This showed inhuman since other countries enjoyed liberty but Chinese did not. Chinese loved and adored liberty but they could not allow the ones denying it to them liberty invite them to a graven image and bow to it. In assumption, from the understanding about the America experience, I concur with the shared idea since most of the history can be approved by the recently happenings. References Andrew Carnegie, Gospel of Wealth, c. 1889 Chief Joseph Speech before Congress, Washington DC, 187 Mary Church Terrell, Lynching from a Negros Point of View, North American Review, 178, (1904): 853-68. Sheldon F. Gauthier. Reprinted in Jim Lanning and Judy Lanning, eds. Texas Cowboys: Jane Addams, Women and Public Housekeeping, 1913 American Missionary, Vol. 39 (October 1885), p. 290 Source document