Experimental Psychology Research Paper Essay

The terms `counselling’ and `psychotherapy’ are often employed in a loosely interchangeable way, especially in Australia. Where distinctions are made, there has been little agreement on what each term should cover. This article examines several axes on which `counselling’ might potentially be distinguished from `psychotherapy’; the most promising basis for such a distinction seems to be whether or not the mode of work attempts to access the unconscious. On this basis, several modalities currently termed `therapy’ would in fact be classed as types of `counselling’, including those modalities of family therapy which aim to engage clients at the level of conscious behaviour change and restructuring. Consideration of how new professionals are trained lends support to a continuum, with short-term, problem-focused conscious-oriented approaches at one end, and longer-term, transference-focused, unconscious-oriented approaches at the other, the dividing line coming at the point where trainees learn the skill of `immediacy’. to feel uncomfortable making. My university offered two programs: a shorter Master of Education award in `Counselling’, and a longer Master of Arts award in Counselling Psychology, aiming to train `psychologists’ for clinical positions in Community Mental Health, where they would often be doing `psychotherapy’. Everyone seemed to know what the difference between `counselling’ and `psychotherapy’ was, although exactly what it consisted in was rarely addressed. An introductory course called `The Roles of Counsellor and Therapist’ set Impact and Change: A Study of Counseling Relationships (Kell and Mueller, 1966). The `counselling’ in this book seemed to have a lot to do with transference (though that term was not employed) and stressed the counsellor’s `use of the counsellor^client relationship’Ã ¶things that had rarely been mentioned in my Australian training in `counselling’. On the other hand, Family Therapy, my chosen specialty and enthusiasm back then, was `therapy’, despite the fact that most family therapists at the time rejected the whole idea of transference (for an exception, see Box, 1998), gave their clients straightforward behavioural homework and checked to see if they did it. How was this different from the `educational’ approaches in which my friends enrolled in the M.Ed. program were being trained? I did not fully sort out these things during my two years in the US. I returned in 1981 to an Australia still largely committed to `counselling’, only to see it adopt the term `therapy’ with remarkable speed over the next decade (the insistence of family therapists on calling themselves that, rather than `family counsellors’, no doubt being a contributing factor). Clearly, `psychotherapy’ is now regarded within the profession (and increasingly will be regarded outside it) as the more prestigious term: but what makes it so? A status distinction has arisen without any corresponding thinking-through of the content of that distinction.

A Critical Analysis of Recruitment and Selection Methods

Executive Summary Duxton Hotel Wellington began its life as the Plaza International Hotel that opened in 1987. The hotel was renamed and rebranded in June 2000. Situated in the heart of the Harbor Capital of New Zealand, 170 Wakefield Street, Wellington. There are 198 employees who employed by Duxton Hotel. Our group interviewed Anne Bellman who is Human Resources Manager of Duxton Hotel. Anne gave us much information about the methods of recruitment and selection of their hotel. Like if they need recruit a position, they will recruit internal first and they concentrate on external too (internal and external are nearly balance). They recruit on website, because it is cheap and popular medium. And many people can have chance to apply. They also use Employment Recruitment Agency. Although agencies are very expensive, they can save time and provide excellent suitable candidates to Duxton Hotel. For selection methods, Anne told us they usually use structured interview because they think it is equally to the applicants to answer the same standard question. Further they use Reference Checks too. Reference checks are a low-cost and save time method. I suggest Duxton Hotel use multiple interviewers can be advantageous, for their individual biases and stereotypes may cancel one another out. Because there are only 2 people do the interviewer. And I also advise them use some logo on the ads on the web. Don’t recruit internal when they recruit some too senior position. Sometimes the reference can’t s show the employee real ability and personality. Duxton Hotel should have a checklist to evaluate the selection methods. The various methods of recruitment and selection all have benefits and drawbacks, and the choice of a method has to make in relation to the particular vacancy and the type of labour market in which the job falls. Table of Contents Executive Summary Table of Contents 1. 0Terms of Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 2. 0Procedure 1. Primary Research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 2. 2 Secondary Research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 3. Findings 1. Introduction of Duxton Hotel†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 2. Recruitment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 3. Selection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 4. Analysis and critical Commentary 1. Recruitment Methods†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 1. Internal Recruitment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 2. Advertise on Web†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 3. Recruitment Agency†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 2. Selection Methods†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 1. Structured Interview †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 2. Reference Checks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 5. Conclusions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 6. Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 7. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Appendix 1— 4 MEMO To: Jacqui Campbell, Lecturer of Human Resource Management From: Nina Bu Date: 28th August 2003 Subject: A critical analysis of the recruitment and selection methods used in a large or medium sized organisation 1. 0 TERMS OF REFERENCE This assignment is requested by Jacqui Campbell, Lecturer of Human Resource Management. Its purpose is to analysis the recruitment and selection methods used in a large or medium sized organization and to make appropriate recommendations. This assignment is due on 28th of August 2003. It is submitted by a group primary research, but secondary research and writes by individual. Nina Bu wrote this report individually. 2. PROCEDURE 1. Primary Research On 14th of August 2003, an interview was conducted with Ms Anne Bellman, Human Resources Manager of DUXTON HOTEL Wellington. Three digital recorders were used during the interview. 2. Secondary Research 2. 2. 1 City library & Massey Library books 2. 2. 2 Internet websites 2. 2. 3 The hand book of Duxton Hotel 3. 0 Finding 3. 1 Introduction of DUXTON HOTEL Duxton Hotel Wellington began its life as the Plaza International Hotel that opened in 1987. In 1992 the hotel was bought by Mr. George Ishiyama. Mr. Ishiyama set about refurbishing the hotel to its present standard, ensuring its growths and development. He owned the hotel until 2000 when Duxton Hotels International purchased it. The hotel was renamed and rebranded in June 2000. Duxton Hotel situated in the heart of the Harbor Capital of New Zealand, 170 Wakefield Street, Wellington. 2. Recruitment Our group interviewed Anne Bellman who is Human Resources Manager of Duxton Hotel. From the interview, we know each position has a different cost associated with recruitment. If they were replacing a manager then they would put an advertisement in the newspaper, that costs about $1000,and also put on â€Å"seek† website as well, so in total maybe $2000. If they uses an agency and pay a fee, the cost is about $6000. To replace a person, the cost is different because there is a training cost, including the time of other people. The average cost is about 2. 5% of the annual salary of the person—sometimes 2 or 3 times that if the position is really important. We chose the job group is Front office manager. So Duxton Hotel paid $120 for the web advertisement for one month, and paid $6,000 to an agency to recruit a suitable front office manager. Duxton Hotel has policies on recruitment and the main policy is they advertise internally first—Hotel Situations Vacant Board, this is to promote career progression. They have an EEO policy. They look at someone’s CV on the basis of what they can do, and not their sex or country of origin. For a job like housekeep attendances, they advertise internally and see if people have a friend or daughter, cousin etc. Then advertise in â€Å"free newspapers† so many people have a chance to apply. If the role were more supervisory then they would first look internally to see if they could promote someone. If they want to recruit a manager, even to a role like Front Office Manager then they still need to use Employment Recruitment Agency, for example, TMP, Candidates Personnel, Terrence Cox (an agency specializing in hospitality) because there are not many people who have that ability. Duxton Hotel does use the web to advertise because it is more cheaply compared to using an agency. As part of the fee they can keep the advertisement on the web for 4 weeks and this means many people have the opportunity to see it. It becomes more and more popular to use the web because fewer people buy newspaper now. Anne measure they analysis each position on a â€Å"case-by-case† basis. They look at where they got the person from, for instance, newspaper, web, agency or internally. There is a balance between internal and external. Agencies are very expensive so they only do that once or twice each year. They look at why one method was less successful. Maybe it was the language they used, or the logo, the words were not attractive enough. They mention the days of the week are best for advertising. Normally that is Wednesday and Saturday for newspapers. There are not many checks from outside for EEO policy. Nobody really audits them, but they rely on â€Å"self-checks†. They look at how honest they were, and they want to be â€Å"seen† as a â€Å"good employer† so they need to make sure people know they demonstrate EEO. If they didn’t do it then people would find out and contact their supervisor or manager. Anne said they would try them best to let the employee feel at home. On average they would advertise 25 times per year (2 per months), including advertising on the web, through the newspaper, or at the student job research. This is an industry where staff turnover is high so that is one reason they have so many advertisement. Another reason is because sometimes they are very busy and they just need more people. Number of applicants depends on the position, i. e. , some position quite popular then maybe up to 30 and it is normally around 15. For some hard position, they maybe only get 5 people interested. Now they are advertising for a Front Office Manager which the job group we focused. They have about 10 applications at the moment from the web and about 6 applications from Employment Recruitment Agency. The number depends on the position and how attractive it is. 3. 3 Selection The selection method of Duxton Hotel is interviews and they use Structured Interviews, so everyone is asked the same questions. Anne would do first interviews and then â€Å"shortlist† people for a second interview. This methods is used for more senior positions and they normally shortlist down to 2 or 3 people and meet assistant manager or someone more senior. Then they make a decision based on that. They always have 2 people interviewing each applicant so they can discuss it afterwards. They are Anne and the manager of the department if there are lots of applicants they are interviewing, then they (the interviewer) fills in a form about each applicant, so they can remember what happened in the interview. Examples of questions Anne asked during the interview. Generally they would tell the applicant about their hotel and the chain of hotel. They would then tell them about the position and the department. After that they would give the applicants a copy of the job description. So they spend the first 5-10 minutes trying to make the interviewee feel more relaxed (maybe also service them a cup of coffee) and giving them information about the hotel and the job. Then some questions Anne would ask is why they applied for the job and what do they know about the hotel. They would also ask the applicants to talk about their previous work experience. Hence they can â€Å"get a sense of† how well they communicate. Anne mention how well they can describe something and whether they can make it interesting. Further ask them questions about their strengths focus. Anne use a format like â€Å" tell us about a time when you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Tell us a story†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Anne uses work experience, personality and communication ability–criteria to measure candidates. They want to know if applicants confident in talking with other people. Anne can understand more about them by asking them questions like how they dealt with difficult customers in the past. And questions about working under pressure are also vital. The criterion is how they present themselves–do they look after themselves, for example, their hair and their clothes. Anne does a â€Å"reference check† too. They would call the candidates’ previous employers to see if they would recommend them. Anne always do reference checks and never offer a job before they do that. Sometimes they check the qualifications too. For the successful applicants, Anne would phone them and see if they still want the job. Anne will tell them the salary and starting dates, and who they will be reporting to, and tell them what kind of information they will need to give the hotel: like bank account details and IRD number. For unsuccessful applicants, Anne normally uses a letter, but for second interview applicants she sometimes will call them. Anne said she should have a checklist but they don’t have it, so they don’t really evaluate. 4. 0 Analysis and Critical Commentary Human Resource Management involves the productive use of people in achieving the organization’s strategic business objectives and the satisfaction of individual employee needs (Stone, 2002, P 4). HRM is getting the right people who have the right skill into the right place at the right time. Manager use recruitment and selection, to attract and hire new employees who have the abilities and skills to achieve the strategic goal. Good HRM demands that organizations have well-defined EEO objectives and policy. Duxton Hotel have EEO policy requires fair treatment for all members of the community and the elimination of discrimination. It means candidates should be treated fairly irrespective of differences in race, sex, nationality etc. 4. 1 Recruitment methods The definition of recruitment is the process of seeking and attracting a pool of qualified candidates for a job vacancy (Stone, 2002, P174). There is numerous ways in which Duxton Hotel can find employees to fill their job vacancy. They have application form (see Appendix 2). They advertise internally first, advertise on newspapers and website, use Employment Recruitment Agency etc. . 1. 1Anne advertises internally first–Hotel Situations Vacant Board, it is to promote career progression. It is extremely advantageous for you to be able to offer upward mobility your internal people. While Anne said their Internal and external recruitment is a balance (half-half). Why? Because everything has two aspects, the internal recruiting ha s advantage & disadvantages. |Advantages |Disadvantages | |Employee is familiar with the hotel |A limit ool of applicants | |Motivation current employees |Stifle creativity and innovation | |Hotel can save money to advertising |Infighting for promotions | |Less time consuming |System can become bureaucratic | |Hotel know employees honest, reliable |No new talent into organization | In contrast, external recruiting has benefit: new skills, knowledge, methods, wider choice of applicants, and good advertisement for the hotel. When organization is in trouble and performing poorly, external recruiting is often relied on to bring in managerial talent with a fresh approach. 4. 1. 2 Duxton Hotel does use the web to advertise, because it is very cost effective compared to using an agency. Website is the web address or location of an organization (Stone, 2002). The web site for Duxton Hotel is www. duxton. com. Now Duxton Hotel posts their vacancies like front office manager via their own Web site. For example, position is front office manager, job description is to ensure maximum yield and profitability from the rooms inventory, requirements is he/she must have at least five years experience in a first class hotel, and a natural leader, key responsibilities is to provide statistical & financial reports for the general manager as request and the date of applications (more details please see Appendix 3). In the last seven years, the Internet has really had an impact on business. Like Anne said nowadays the web becomes more and more popular but fewer people buy/read newspaper. And advertising on the Internet is not expensive, so they can just use $120 keep the ad on the web for 4 weeks (24 hours a day), we can image this means many people have the opportunity to see it. So when an human resource manager do an actual recruiting plan for the hotel, he/she should includes Internet advertising as part of the media mix, along with newspaper ads, agency and so on. In general, the higher the education level and the greater the past employment responsibility, the greater the likelihood a candidate will use the Internet as a tool. 4. 1. Recruitment agencies specialize wholly in recruitment and generally keep an up-to-date database of experience potential employees. They take the time out of advertising, interviewing and selecting candidates, and can hand the client a ready-made employee to fit the client’s job specification. Duxton hotel uses Employment Recruitment Agency, because for Front Office Manager, there are not many people who have that ability. So they need to pay $6000 for that to the agencies, i. e. TMP, Candidates personnel, Terrence Cox which is an agency specialising in hospitality. From that we know, Employment agencies can be effective in generating job candidates in some fields. The agency’s effectiveness is largely a function of how well it understands the organization and the requirements of the specific job. Using agencies is expensive and usually not cost-effective for low-level and low-paying jobs. In contrast, most opening at the senior management level use executive search firms as part of their recruiting efforts. It is important to establish a good relationship with the professional recruiters you use; they can provide excellent candidates and save you a lot of time and effort. . 2 Selection methods The definition of selection is the process of choosing the candidate who best meets the selection criteria. (Stone, 2002, P174) Many organization uses selection methods like this graph show: SELECTION 4. 2. 1 Duxton Hotel concentrates on structured interview and references for selection. Structured interview in which interviewers ask a standard set of questions of all candidates about qualifications and capabilities related to job performance To determine who has the best claim to a position and thus will be selected for further consideration (e. . second interview), candidates are short-listed on the basis of their job application, work samples, interviews or reference. In a structured interview, Anne asks each applicant the same standard questions. At the beginning of the interview, they spend the first 5-10 minutes trying to make the applicants feel more relaxed (maybe service them a cup of coffee) and giving them information about the chain of hotel and the copy of job description. In my opinion, Anne did very well. One reason is because the candidates will feel nervous when they sit the interview. An effective interviewer should take candidates at ease, address they feel comfortable, have water, coffee, or soft-drinks available, and help them feel as welcome as possible. And then encourage people to be open in their communications, talk candidly. Another reason: it is important to remember that the interview has a two-fold purpose: to find out whether the applicant is suitable for the particular job, and to give the applicant information about the firm and the position which is vacant. Anne then ask why they applied the job and what do they know about the hotel. Because of this, Anne can know if the applicants have done some homework, testing their interests. And also ask them to talk about their previous work experience, Anne mention how well they can describe something and whether they can make it interesting. Further using a format like â€Å"tell us about a time when you (deal with a different client) †¦Ã¢â‚¬  to know candidate’s strengths. These questions are important to Duxton Hotel because this is a â€Å"customer service† industry. Communicate with people is very important. Question asked must be job related, under EEO legislation, irrelevant and private unnecessary question may lead to charges of discrimination. Many Human Resource Manager feel structured interview are fair to applicants, because they are same question. Anne feel structured interview method is quite successful for selecting. However, I think the interview should be improved at one point. That is Anne told us they always have 2 people (Anne and the manager of the department) interviewing each applicant so they can discuss it afterwards. If there are lots of applicants they are interviewing then they fills in a form about each applicant so they can remember what happened in the interview. Even when structured interviews are used, but, there is always the potential for the biases of the interviewer to influence his or her judgments. It is important for interviewers to be trained to avoid these bias and sources of inaccurate perceptions as mush as possible. Duxton Hotel just has 2 people do the interviewer. They may be cannot avoid the effects of biases and stereotype. So at this point, Duxton Hotel needs to improve. 4. 2. Anne said they also do a â€Å"reference check†, they would call the applicants previous employers to see if they would recommend them and sometimes also check the qualification. Duxton Hotel always do reference checks and never offer a job before they do that. This is a good selection method for Duxton Hotel. Reference check is one of the most commonly used predictors of future job performanc e (www. ask. com). References are usually supplied by a former employers or professional colleague who knows the applicants’ skills, abilities, or personality attributes such as motivation, leadership and personal skills. References are often used at the end of the selection process to confirm a decision to hire. There are two benefits for using References. o References are best for evidence of attributes that cannot be easily assessed in an interview, either due to impression management (e. g. interpersonal skills) or the unrealistic setting (e. g. reliability, honesty). o References checks are not too costly or time-consuming. References are usually only checked for short-listed applicants. In fact, some former employers are reluctant to provide negative information in references sometimes makes it difficult to interpret what a reference is really saying about an applicant. 5. Conclusions The correct recruitment and selection of new employees is just as important as finding the right person for the job. â€Å"Better recruitment and selection strategies result in improved organizational outcomes. † Says DDI (Development Dimensions International), Ph. D. So HRM recruit and select candidates is the more effective task for the organization. We interviewed the Human Resource Manger of Duxton Hotel, Anne Bellman. I discussed some methods of recruitment and selection using by Duxton Hotel. 5. 1 Recruitment methods 5. 1. 1 Internal recruiting is manager turn to existing employees to fill open position. The employees familiar with the hotel, managers have considerable information about their skills and increase employee moral. 5. 1. 2 The availability of New Zealand focused Internet recruiting sites is growing rapidly. Putting the advertisement on the Website is cheap and many people will have a chance to read the advertisement. . 1. 3 Employment Recruitment Agency is also used by Duxton Hotel. Because Front Office Manager is a senior position, not everyone has that ability. Although agencies are really expensive, they can save time and provide excellent suitable candidates to Duxton Hotel. 5. 2 Selection methods 5. 2. 1 Structured interview is commonly used by Duxton Hotel. They think it is fair to the applicant, because th ere are same standard question. However, there are only 2 interviewers, so maybe they cannot avoid the effect of bias. 5. 2. Reference checks are a low-cost and save time method, so it is very popular in Duxton Hotel, too. The various methods of recruitment and selection all have advantages and disadvantages. Whatever recruitment and selection methods the organization choose, remember that the objective is to attract people who suit the job vacancy. So be as open and as informative as possible. 6. Recommendations 6. 1 Duxton Hotel recruits front office manager internally firstly. I don’t think it is a smart idea. Because one drawback of internal recruitment is limit to number of applicants, the other is stifle creativity and innovation. Maybe they can recruit someone from the inside to replace the position, but maybe his/her former task will get problem. So I suggest Anne should concentrate on external selection totally for a too senior position in the future. 2. Duxton Hotel do advertisement on Website, it is really good method. While depending the advertisement, they only put Job position is Front Office Manager, and the detail of job description, requirements and key responsibilities. I think it is not â€Å"catchy† enough for attracting people. They should put some attractive Logo on the web to encourage people apply. 3. Using multiple interviewers (at least 3 people) can be advantageous, for their individual biases and stereotypes may cancel one another out. Now there are only 2 interviewers in Duxton Hotel to select new employees. 4. Anne said they always do reference checks and never offer a job before they do that. However, sometimes some former employers are reluctant to provide negative information in references. So Anne should not believe all the comments of the references, she should concentrate on the employees’ real work ability. 6. 5 Duxton Hotel should have a checklist to evaluate the success of their selection methods. Then they can check whether the method is useful and improve the methods in time. 7. References Black, J. S. , & Porter, L. W. (1999). Management: meeting new challenges (1st ed). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chambers, H. E. (2001). Finding, hiring, and keeping peak performers: every manager’s guide (1st ed. ). Cambridge: Perseus Books Group. Gilberison, D. W. , & Stone, R. J. (1985). Human resource management: case and readings (2nd ed. ). Roseville: McGraw-Hill Book Company Australia Pty Ltd. Jones, G. R. , & George, J. M. , & Hill, C. W. L. (1998). Contemporary Management (International Ed. ). U. S. A. : Craig S. Beytien. Stone, R. J. (2002). Human resource management (4th ed. ). Milton: John Wiley & Sons Torrington, D. , & Hall, L. (1998). Human resource management (4th ed. ). Herefordshire: Prentice Hall. www. ask. com www. duxton. com Appendix 1: Interview Questions 1. How much does your company cost for each job (Front Office Manager)? 2. Do you have policies for recruitment internal or external? How do you practice? 3. What methods do you use to recruit for this particular job group? 4. Do you have application form? . Have you considered advertising on the web? 6. Why are these methods used? 7. How do you measure the success of the methods? 8. Equal employment opportunities are a significant issue for recruitment policy. How do you make sure you do EEO for recruitment in your organization? 9. Could you tell us the number of positions advertised in a year, the number of applications received for each position and time from closing date to offer of position? 10. How do you identify where your applicants are coming from? †¢ What selection methods do you use for this job? Interview-what types of interview? †¢ Panel – who is on the panel? How many? †¢ Structured – could you please give us some examples of questions that you ask? 11. What criteria do you use to measure candidates? 12. Do you usually use reference checks for selecting people? 13. How do you inform successful and unsuccessful applicants? 14. How do you evaluate the success of your selection methods and recruitment methods? ———————– Background information Interviews References Work samples Assessment Centres Psychological Tests

Adaptation and Accountability in the Workplace Essay

Adaptation and Accountability in the Workplace - Essay Example A measure that has been taken in my workplace that aid in the accountability process is that of the adaptation of healthcare marketing materials. In order to better understand the issue of adaptation and the involved accountability process with this, the matter itself must be discussed to the full extent. By thoroughly addressing these subjects of interest, we can gain a more intellectual and knowledgeable viewpoint on the subject at hand. The aim of this paper is to do this, as well as envelop any and all other key related factors. This is what will be dissertated in the following. The issue of the adaptation of healthcare marketing materials is far more than just translating the words; rather it is a complex and diverse situation, and is the translating of ideas and doing so in a manner that the target culture will embrace. The most effective adaptations and translations require extensive testing with the basic target audience during all phases of the development process. Cultural adaptation of preventive materials and messages are used to increase access to, and facilitate the benefits of, the preventive benefits are necessary.

Oscar Wilde - the Man and his World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oscar Wilde - the Man and his World - Essay Example Being an editor, he believed that he could move fashionable social circles thereby attracting support from influential women in the society (Dierkes-Thrun, 2012). Oscar Wilde called upon to contribute to the reconstruction of lady’s world magazine which was to basically not just deal with what women wear, but with how they think and feel. The likely contributors of the magazine sought out to write with enthusiasm, with tact and avoid being extravagant and the use of vulgar language. The term lady to some level was viewed ambiguously; Wilde regarded it as having a small taint of vulgarity and extremely misleading because of the eminence of â€Å"woman question† which was a feminist movement. Wilde persisted that the magazine which seemed to be more feminine be re-named to â€Å"woman’s world† (Salamensky 2012, p.132). These changes implied that the term â€Å"lady† which was to be changed to â€Å"woman† was associated with commonness. In 1895 , Wilde in his own words would be interpreted as utterly clear evidence in his scandalous libel and criminal suits that gradually sent him to jail and eventually ended his career. This unfortunate incident did not erase his legacy. His criticism and notes have shaped the society than any other author or poet. Most noticeably, it testifies to the epigrammatic memorability of his statements and declaration and acknowledges the fact that his life meant a personality and a collection of texts and ideas. He fearlessly explored art in relation to everyday life offering unique grounds for examining or testing sexual and social culture during the Victorian era. In 1887’s October issue of the â€Å"lady’s world† the prospectus pointed out the changed names of editors of the November issue. The editors who were listed included Marie Corelli, Olive Schreiner, Mathilde Blind as well as Wilde’s wife Constance and his mother Lady Wilde. In addition, Oscar persuaded som e of the well-known writers to contribute to the witting one of them being Arthur Symons. Arthur’s first essay was on one of the major symbols in the symbolist movement â€Å"Villiers de I ‘isle Adam† which came out after Wilde left the magazine. Wilde was a determined editor of theâ€Å"woman’s world† but his enthusiasm progressively reduced over the following periods. He gradually became less functional arriving late leaving early, and generally handling at his letters carelessly and giving excuses and makeup promises to his failures (Dierkes-Thrun, 2012). Oscar Wilde’s assistant editor Arthur fish viewed the â€Å"woman’s world† magazine as to be the finest with exclusive appeal and attraction to women that was ever been published. The â€Å"woman’s world† editors manage to secure brilliant contributors producing a high level of literary content ever attained by a publishing company of its kind. Articles did not only concentrated on fashion but also devoted to distinguish or bring out women, women’s suffrage and historical events (Wilde & Murray 2000, p. 98). Arthur fish always expressed his sympathy on the views of the â€Å"woman’s world† writers revealing a liberality of thoughts regarding the political aspirations and ambitions of women that were without a doubt sincere.  Ã‚  

Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literacy - Essay Example Functional literacy's popularity, that since formulations by UNESCO in the 1940s is based upon the assumption that it is of great practical importance as it enables access to work and economic security. Functional literacy occupies a place at the low extreme of a literacy continuum on which cultural and critical forms of literacy occupy the high extreme. High forms of literacy are associated with high order cognition (abstraction, logical reasoning, simultaneous consideration of several ideas and wisdom beyond knowledge) but significant ideological differences separate cultural literacy and critical literacy (McLaren, 2001). Cultural literacy is a contemporary version of the classical paradigm in that it focusses upon the transmission of mainstream linguistic and cultural knowledge. Critical literacy is a refinement and extension of the progressive paradigm and is concerned with 'decoding the ideological dimensions of texts, institutions, social practices and cultural forms such as television and film, in order to reveal their selective interests' (McLaren, 2001: p. 213). Within the critical paradigm, attention is given to reading, writing, spelling, grammar, punctuation, speaking, listening, viewing, etc. only in so far as they enable one to use language critically and intentionally to serve one's own purposes. The term of 'literacy' has been chosen for a number

UKs Policy on Training and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

UKs Policy on Training and Development - Essay Example This is a very important feature of the UK government policy on training on development. UK â€Å"will progressively introduce a new loan facility , which will remove grant funding from the 2013/14 academic year, providing the capacity to sustain learner participation with government-backed fee loans for individuals aged 24 or over studying at qualifications at level 3 and above† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). BIS (2010a, p. 4) elaborated â€Å"there will be no up-front costs and the repayments made on an income-contingent basis.† In addition, â€Å"the government has made available  £129m in 2013-14 and  £398m in 2014-15 for these fee loans† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). The BIS claims, however, that while public investment will be reduced, the UK government will â€Å"free the sector from top-down targets and direction to enable a truly demand-led system to develop† (2010a, p. 4). Government will seek â€Å"greater contributions from individuals and employers who benefit most and can afford to pay† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). For 2011-12, â€Å"the total Teaching and Learning budget will be  £3.1bn, of which  £605m will be earmarked for adult apprenticeships† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). However, spending on adult apprenticeships and, relative to the previous government, â€Å"will increase by up to  £250m by the end of the SR period† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). Informal adult and community learning will be retained although they will be â€Å"reformed† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). There will also be â€Å"progression routes for those looking for a way into formal learning† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). Importantly, â€Å"there will also be help for those who are unemployed on active benefits† (BIS 2010a, p. 5). ... 4). There will also be â€Å"progression routes for those looking for a way into formal learning† (BIS 2010a, p. 4). Importantly, â€Å"there will also be help for those who are unemployed on active benefits† (BIS 2010a, p. 5). The UK government policy on training and development comes with â€Å"fundamental policy changes† (BIS 2010a, p. 5). The â€Å"Train to Gain† will be abolished (BIS 2010a, p. 5). â€Å"Funding for workplace training on SMEs will be prioritized† (BIS 2010a, p. 5). Government will more conduct consultations for other changes (BIS 2010a, p. 5). BIS (2010a, p. 5) pointed out that government will reduce bureaucracy by training providers and simplify the further education and skills landscape by abolishing central targets. For example, the BIS (2010b) document localized targets and programs for England based on BIS (2010a). The BIS (2010a, p. 5) said â€Å"colleges and training organisations will be more publicly accountable to le arners, employers, and their communities.† This portion of the UK government program â€Å"will be supported by the introduction of lifelong learning accounts and by the new All Age Careers Service.† As per the claim of the BIS, the UK government training and development policy is founded on three principles (BIS 2010a, p. 1): fairness, shared responsibility, and greater freedom. According to BIS (2010, p. 1), the first principle justifies the â€Å"special attention to young people and those with basic literacy and numeracy skills.† In the second principle, citizens will be called upon to â€Å"take greater responsibility for ensuring their own skills are met† (BIS 2010a, p. 1). Lastly, the principle of â€Å"greater freedom† means â€Å"trusting people to do their job† and the â€Å"primary

Critical thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Critical thinking - Essay Example Its workforce of over 17, 000 men and women voted Iceland Frozen Foods the third most successful company compared with all other companies in motivating them to do their best. Four years before the turnaround, morale was ‘at rock bottom after 40% of staff at the Deeside head office were made redundant’ (The Sunday Times, 2009). It is quite reasonable to assume in retrospect that top management at the time was incapable of motivating the workforce to achieve profitability and ensure the survival of the firm. It is quite likely that ‘scientific management’ or Taylorism as it is also called, may have been, the paradigm under which the top managers of Iceland Frozen Foods worked, in running the day to day affairs of the company. Or, they may not even have given much thought to motivating the workforce, but merely continued on traditional lines, hiring and firing believing that labour was a disposable item. Taylorism is explained as the ‘decoupling of the labour process from the skills of the workforce’, and has been defined as ‘management strategies that are based upon the separation of conception from execution’ Pruijt, 2000). The knowledge and skills of how best to run the enterprise are confined to the heads of the few top mangers. The rest of the workforce merely follows orders to the letter. They have no discretion as to how they do their day to day jobs. They have to follow strictly laid out procedures. This may work well in some industries, say on a car assembly line, but in enterprises with close customer contact, this approach is unlikely to be optimal. Nevertheless, Prujit also acknowledges that McDonalds and call centres (customer service operations) use such strategies and can claim success by ensuring ‘predictability and controllability’ (op. cit.). After Taylorism , Herzberg’s two-factor motivational theory became influential in alerting management to the value of tapping into the need for

Pharmaceutical industry report in the UK and individual reflection Assignment

Pharmaceutical industry report in the UK and individual reflection - Assignment Example During the process of that transition, a new industry sector prolonged with global scope and opportunity. To support the growth of pharmaceutical sector, there was a big jump in the medicinal chemistry section as well in terms of innovation and development. Due to continuous development and innovation in medical chemistry and other associated parts of the medicine industry; with the invention of more advanced technology to ensure proper detection and treatment of various serious diseases the pharmaceutical industry has rose to its present stature, and continuous support from the governments of various nations with the adaptation of dual roles namely:providing support and encouragement towards medical research and implementing more prominent and strict drug safety and efficacy laws helps the pharmaceutical industry to reach the level in present times. In modern world for the patients across the globe of various ages- the word medicine has taken on new medical roles and value. Earlier people used to take medicine when they used to fall ill or faced any kind of physical hazards. But at present, in the world of modernization people use to depend on medicine/drug to increase their longevity in the world with a more fit and healthy body. Now a day’s people prefer to take medicine not only to cure them but also to remain fit and healthy. With this change in the mindset, the demands for verities of medicine with different objectives have increased many a times. As Daemmrich and Bowden (2005) in their analysis mentioned that â€Å"taking drugs for life has intensified a long-standing hybrid of scientific, emotional, and policy issues around side effects and widespread resentment of companies that profit from drug invention and marketing.† (Daemmrich and Bowden, 2005, p.1) In every part of the world, pharmaceutical industries play a key role in the growth of any

What Caused Secession Essay Example for Free

What Caused Secession Essay With no doubt was the secession of the eleven southern states a very important event in our country’s history. Resulting in Civil War, which lasted four years, leaving over one-half million deaths, destruction, and great sectional hatred, has affected our country till today. The great question is what caused the southern states to secede? If slavery truly was the culprit behind this, if it was to what extent was it? Was the person leading our country at the time in fault for southern secession? If any what were other factors? All of these questions are still debated today. Southern believed that slaves were their property, and that they had the right to take them with them. So when they noticed that Lincoln was going to abolish slavery they decided it would be best to secede than not have anything to make money from. After the compromise of 1820 they limited slavery to the south, which would split the country into two for the next forty years. The South would feel that slavery was the best thing for the slave for it gave them something productive to do. The North however as a majority felt slavery as a horrible thing by the cruel ways the slave owners would treat and beat their slaves. There were also those who went and helped free and bring slaves up to the North and also into Canada. (Document 1). Lincoln promising to abolish slavery played a big role on secession. Southerners economy depended on agriculture, and cotton was one of their major crops. So they needed slaves to work in their fields. When they heard that Lincoln would abolish slavery they thought â€Å"If Lincoln were president†¦the Union would be endangered from that hour.† (Document 3). The South started to think that it is â€Å"Better leave the Union in the open face of day, than be lighted from it at midnight by the [arsonist’s] torch.† (Document 2) They also said that â€Å"All citizens of the United States have an equal right to settle with their property in the Territory, without their rights, either of person or property, being†¦impaired†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It opened our eyes to the fact that there were two hostile elements in the country, and that if we allowed slaves to enter any territorial acquisition, our free labor must be excluded from it.† (Document 5) They argued about this for a reasonable time until the south eventually seceded from the south. We really don’t know what really caused secession. Even researchers can’t solidly say what the cause of secession was. But people can infer, and with clues, can have an idea of what caused secession.

The presence of our English Teacher Essay Example for Free

The presence of our English Teacher Essay A pleasant evening to each and everyone of you. First of all, I would like to acknowledge the presence of our English Teacher, Tchr. JM Sayson.. for giving us â€Å"The Sunscreen†. Ladies and gentlemen of the class of 2012, this is our story – our history. If I could offer you only one tip for the future, the value of Christianity would be it. One value that the academy had taught us and molded us into. This school had taught us to live according to His ways. To grow in love with Him every day. And to value love – Love of God, precisely! Seniors, we have finally come to the end of our journey as High School students. The gates of uncertainties from being a child to a fully grown young individual will now be closing in month’s time. Seeing everyone in their glamorous gowns and fabulous suits, we are now young ladies and young noblemen who were about to enter a completely different and peculiar world. Goodbye Academy, Hello University! We, who only knew once how to play hide-and-seek, run here and there, shout and just laugh our hearts out and do whatever we wanna do, not caring about the people around us. We, who thought life is as easy as ABC’s and 123’s, then came to a realization that life really is as complicated as sin2Ï ´ + cos2Ï ´=1, then – prove! Who would ever thought that these children, who plays 10-20 or Chinese garter at the corridors of MCA are just about to leave the portals of their dearest Alma Mater? My fellows, what more could we miss than our weekly routine – CHAPEL HOUR. The long term benefits of our Monday habit have been proven by any other batches whereas the rest of my advice has no basis more reliable than our own meandering experience. How blessed we are to have been given this kind of opportunity – to be closer to God and to have the chance to listen to His words. Remember how Tchr. Lina’s video presentation about the early Christians made our eyes turn to waterfalls? Remember how Bishop Art unceasingly discussed about the significance and importance of the Bible? This is one strong basis that our school had built a Godly foundation so strong on our hearts. And now, how can we start the week without singing Tchr. Cecille’s favorite prayer song â€Å"All the Heavens†? How can we end our day without rendering the routinary song â€Å"Thank You Lord† unto God? But we should not worry about the future; or worry, but know that worrying is as effective as trying to solve an algebra equation by chewing bubblegum. Oh yes, one thing : Tchr. Gerald’s magical stars! Can you imagine how motivated we were back on our 1st year days because of his â€Å"stars†? Mathematics became our day-to-day challenge from Tchr. Gerald’s stars to Tchr. Cecille’s complex techniques to Tchr. Edwin and Tchr. Dante’s logical theories to Tchr. Ryan’s alienable formula. Oh my Math – really! Don’t be reckless with other people’s hearts – Who would ever forget how reckless we were with the frogs’ fragile little hearts? Tchr. Maan and Tchr. Jhed’s biology class gave us a chance to discover our inner beings through these little ones. Plus, Tchr. Mae’s outrageous reaction when she saw the frogs inside the bottles and the â€Å"Sorry Tchr. Mae† program that we had prepared just to have her back. Do one thing everyday that scares you, Sing†¦ Who were those girls again? Krystle Mae Data and Pauline Dones who gave their best shot to represent our school on the Clash of the Glee Clubs thus, making our students as the official choir of the SM Bacoor and Dasma Supermalls. Remember the Speech Choir who competed on Lyceum Cavite Campus whose voices rocked out the whole stadium and brought home the Golden Trophy? What a great prestige indeed! Time will come that each one of us will recall in a way we can’t grasp now how much possibility lay before us. Who would ever forget the month-long practices and the never-ending perseverance of each section on our Florante and Laura play, as well as the Noli Me Tangere act? How everybody waited for the day of our play to see these faces reminisce the past, wear their cla ssic Maria Clara dresses and â€Å"barong tagalog†, speak like that of the time of Dr. Jose Rizal and to be nationalistic on some point in time. How fabulous they really looked indeed Enjoy your body, use it every way you can. Don’t be afraid of it, or what other people think of it. It’s the greatest instrument you’ll ever own. Remember Lara Ruzol’s â€Å"No Pardon for Me† declamation speech during the United Nations last October 2008? How about the African dance participated by all other sections? Is Star-Spangled Beauty, Bansai San, Hunyango, Dona Espadana and Inang Bayan familiar to you? How about these songs : Carry the Light, For all the world and Great is Thy Faithfulness? The penlights? Yes fellows, the 4,000 Voice Choir! â€Å"Aqua, aqua! Go go go go Aqua! Go fight, team fight Angels fight! Beat them, beat them Angels fight!† can be heard on the grounds of the Marikina Sports Complex last February 4, 2011 -The National Foundation Day and Inter-Maranatha Sports Fest with the slogan â€Å"Healthy Kids, Healthy Nation†. I will never forget our Arnis Mass Demo with the tune of â€Å"Kung-fu Fighting† participated by all other chapters of NCLC and MCA Afterwards, the gleaming lights of Star City set our excitements on fire! One thing that the MCA Angels thought us is to : Dance.. even if you have nowhere to do it but in your own living room Arianne Salamilao, Eden Tariga, Jander Del Rosario, Adrian Ramos, Mark Frias, Florenth Consay, Sam Sollano, Joana Riel, our cheer dancers, we are very proud of you. Dancing the whole Dela Salle Dasma’s stadium out and giving our roaring cheers will never be wasted. And so, our dancing shoes were set on foot during our P.E. class firstly on our 3rd year days. Ballroom dancing anyone? Get plenty of calcium, be kind to your knees. You’ll miss them when they’re gone. Remember how Tchr. Analyn unceasingly motivated us to give our very best? How Tchr. Lina gave her full support to her students? How Tchr. Joy pushed her class beyond their limitations? How they inspired each one of us? How they made us feel with their motherly love? How each of us was pampered just before we get into our final stage of this Academe? Our JS promenade, we as Juniors, became a flash of excitement, memories and competition. Little girls turned into beautiful ladies. Young boys turned into noble gentlemen. We were princes and princesses for a moment in time. Each one flashed their most beautiful smiles on the cameras and gave full grace to their numbers. It was a night of fantasy turned to reality! Krystle Mae Data was our Prom Princess and David Solis was our Prom Prince. The best long gown belongs to Miss Data as well and the best suit went to Mr. Solis as well. The best dress goes to Miss Jillah Escritor. III-Justice won the Juniors Ballroom Competition. Sometimes you’re ahead, sometimes you’re behind. But we all know that each went home with a smile on their hearts and a callus on their feet 😉 Whatever you do, don’t congratulate yourself too much or berate yourself either. Your choices are half-chances, so are everybody else’s. Some chose to be a part of the CAT, some chose to be noblemen of the Scouting movement. Some reserved themselves to be Privates and live according to the principles of the CAT. Each one has undergone the trainings and appraisals before reaching what they are now. The COCC’s proved themselves that they were deserving to be what they have become now. The Scouts’ motto â€Å"Be prepared.† was always manifested in their actions through their countless duties. Remember the compliments you receive, forget the insults. By the grace of God, Batch 2012 will never be left behind when it comes to Academics and Leadership. Jorge Ochoa and Ronn Bautista made it to the Regionals of News and Feature Writing Competition. Ciara Kaye Aquino, Jorge Ochoa, Lara Ruzol and Gemmalyn Galang passed the UPCAT examination. Alnira Causing and Aira Dy-rastas passed DLSU-Manila as well. Our Student Government was headed by Ciara Kaye Aquino as the President, Kaye Reyes as Treasurer, Jillah Escritor as Secretary and Prince Ramos as Auditor. Student leaders went to the Congress. Beacon, Ciara Aquino as the Editor-in Chief, had made their history. The official newspaper of the campus’s first issue gave a blast to the campus readers. Peer Facilitators, headed by Arianne Salamilao, participated much on Kalinga partylist’s Medical Missions and Feeding Programs. The Glee Club, topped by Krystle Data, were engaged to many outside performances including a trip to Congress. The CAT, supervised by Lara Ruzol, and the Scouts, handled by Florenth Consay and Justine Alicio, practiced discipline among the students and became accountable in duties and other school responsibilities. The Timothy Circle, led by Abby Cardenas, held Prayer meetings to strengthen the faith of the youth. Organizations worked together for the glory of God! Our batch has worked the gaps between geography and lifestyle. Not actually geography. But the difference between us. We have shown unity during our MCA Concert where we rendered our God-given talents and skills unto Him with our beloved advisers. Most of the 4th year students joined the Mass demo for our 22nd International Convention dancing â€Å"Agnus Dei and Lord of the Dance†. Our Christmas Party became a success with our very own band â€Å"Elgied and friends† Elgied Apdua, Jake Saulog, Nikko Doctolero, Rainiel Dela Cruz and Ruth Dimarucut -performing for the rest of the program. The fun and the excitement among each section were boomed by our mythical â€Å"Banana Dance†. Thus, making our batch united than ever. Schoolmates, this is our last chance to prove ourselves. Tchr. Ryan Garcia, Tchr. Analyn Garcia and Tchr. Joy Tumamak gave their very best to set us ready for the next step of our lives. Understand that friends come and go but for the precious few, we should hold on. Some may have gone to nowhere but we must hold on to each other. Graduation day is yet to come. The day when each one of us might realize how our days have been filled with happiness and smiles. With joy and laughter. How our months were filled with excitement and challenges. With hopes and dreams. Though sorrows and downfalls may come, our mentors have taught us to stand and rise up once again. That God will always be there for us. That He is always with us all the way. This is one thing that we will bring with us once we leave the bosom of our school that we can always be proud of! We grew not to give glory to ourselves but to give glory unto God Almighty. We study not because of anyone else but because of what we want to be not for ourselves, but for our loved ones who never left us all along. Though certain things may come, we should never worry. The real troubles in our lives are apt to be things that never crossed our worried minds. At this point where goodbyes can never be held back, Maranatha Christian Academy became our backbone ever since. Proverbs 22:6 became the motto which guided us to be where we are now. Things do happen for a purpose. All things work together for good and as we leave, always remember â€Å" If God is for us, who can be against us?† We must accept certain inalienable truths, we are about to leave the Academy but our hearts will forever be in it, on it, WITH IT! Brothers and sisters, together we’ll make it through. Someday, our spirit will take us and guide us back to where we belong – MCA. I know, you’ve been hurting but our Alma Mater will always be there for us. Waiting for us to come back to her arms. And we’ll be there right? Just tell me now, whenever we can. Ladies and gentlemen, we have made history. This is our story – OUR HISTORY. â€Å"With tears in my eyes to you I say farewell, I’ll never forget those happy days forever..† Batch 2011-2012 now signing off.

Symbol Quilts Story

Symbol Quilts Story Symbolism of Quilt in â€Å"Everyday Use?† by Alice Walker: An Analysis Symbol has been accepted by various scholars as one of the most important aspects of any piece of literature, since the entire plot revolves around it. â€Å"But what is a symbol? A symbol does not direct our attention to something else as a sign does. It does not direct at all. It â€Å"means† something else. It somehow comes to contain within itself the thing it means. The word â€Å"ball† is a sign to my dog and a symbol to me. If I say â€Å"ball† to my dog, he will respond like a good Pavlovian organism and look under the sofa and fetch it. But if I say â€Å"ball† to you, you will simply look at me and, if you are patient, finally say, â€Å"What about it?† The dog responds to the word by looking for thing; you conceive the ball through the word â€Å"ball.† Walker Percy Attribution: Walker Percy (1916-1990), U.S. novelist. The Message in the Bottle, ch. 7, Farrar (1975). In Alice Walkers short story â€Å"Everyday Use?† various symbols exist among which the most dominant is the quilts. Quilts are a fine example of a folk craft that started as simply useful and become emotionally charged. The patterns become artistically ambitious and emotionally meaningful, and the fabric used carried meaning as well. Not only that, but also how the quilts were made became part of the social structure. The symbolism of the quilts can be argued in various ways, depending upon the perspective either intended by the author or perceived by the reader. In this story, however, represent the connectedness of history and the intergenerational ties of the family. Now why are quilts so important in this story is it because it is the essence of pride in the family and needs to be displayed or is it because is it because it helps Dee feel superior over her own sister Maggie. Dee wishes to acquire the quilts because her grandmother stitched them by hand and in order to show her affection Dee wants to display the quilts by hanging them on the wall on her home. This does show her pride in her family but then again Dee gets outraged when her mother expresses her wish to give the quilts to Maggie. This is the point where Dees pride falls in the grey area. In Dees words â€Å"Maggie cant appreciate these quilts . . . Shed probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use . . . Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years theyd be in rags†. Dee does accept that the quilt represent her cultural heritage but never tried to understand the purpose of the quilts. Until the time when her mother and grandmother explained her Dee had no clue that giving Maggie the quilts help carry on the family tradition. It is not only important to accept Quilting as important tradition but to pass it as well. A tradition has no meaning if there is no one knows about it. Giving the quilts to Maggie is the best way to affirm that the connection of heritage will enhance and not only just bleakly exist. Thus, the above statements reveal the importance of symbolism. The same quilts represent heritage to both Dee and her mother but they perceive it quite differently than the other. Dee wants to preserve heritage and strongly believes that they are objects meant to be proud of and what can be a better method to reveal the pride by displaying them to the entire world. She is unable to perceive the knowledge and history attached with the quilts, and due to that fact her idea of â€Å"heritage† loses its very meaning to the core. According to her mother, however, one can not learn ones heritage until the tradition that tags along with it is understood. Dee has yet to experience the outside world, whereas Maggie has felt the treatment of the entire society while still remaining within the confines of her home. Dee feels as if her mother is unaware of the meaning and the importance of her familys heritage. But has she ever tried to realize her own heritage? In order to understand it took her mother and grandmother to make her reach down deep down in her soul. It was only then that Dee realized that although she had learned to live life with no boundaries, she has not yet attained the level of at which she could realize what is the most important question of her life What exactly is her heritage? Work Cited http://education.yahoo.com/reference/quotations/quote/54101 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyday_Use http://www.bownet.org/jmcdermott/everyday_use__by_alice_walker.htm

How Lean Manufacturing Helps Our Economy Essay -- Economics

Lean manufacturing plays a major role in our economy and yet it is almost unheard of outside manufacturing. It is important to know lean manufacturing relates to our individual lives and how we can all benefit from this concept. With current slow economic recovery, it is imperative that we find avenues that consumers can get through these difficult times, but also to implement the lessons-learned values into future thinking. The rising cost of goods and the unemployment rate high, lean manufacturing is helping to keep cost low and jobs in America where they belong. When we think of process manufacturing or the assembly line many credit Henry Ford for this concept. The introduction of continuous process in the late 1890’s was to produce a product from start to finish on an assembly line and the concept was revolutionary; the people didn’t move but the product did. Ford’s financial return from this successful concept meant offering a less expensive product without sacrificing superior quality. Then in the 1940’s Taiichi Ohno, a mechanical engineer for Toyota Corporation located in Japan is credited for the development of the â€Å"Toyota Production System†, also known as Lean Manufacturing, delved deeper into Henry Ford’s concept further developed the concept of motion and material flow in the manufacturing process. This system would further analyze the waste of movement and would take a closer look at reducing or even eliminating excess motion or movement to retrieve tools or product while manufacturing a product. For example, if a person has groceries and needed to get the bags into the house, it is a shorter distance to park in a garage where a person is closer to the door than parking at the street and walk the great distance t... ...t people back to work and focus again on the American dream and plan our financial security well into retirement age. Works Cited A Brief History of Lean Manufacturing. n.d. Paul Swift. 19 March 2012 . Davidson, Paul. 'Lean' manufacturing helps companies survive recession. Ed. Brent Jones. 3 March 2009. 19 March 2012 . Eliyahu M. Goldratt, Jeff Cox. The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement. New York: North River Press, 1984. Rosen, James. "'Lean' Manufacturing Takes Root in U.S." 29 April 2011. FoxNews.com. 19 March 2012 . Sato, Tomaichi. "Production Management & Planning: Tomoichi Sato." Lean Manufacturing Japan. Warren Harrod. n.d. 2.

Love in Allisons Bastard Out of Carolina :: Bastard Out of Carolina Essays

Love in Allison's Bastard Out of Carolina "Love" is a word, a signifier, tied to many meanings, all different in context, cultures, and ideologies. Love is used numerous ways in Allison's Bastard Out of Carolina, by many characters. In the character of Bone, love is a confused thing, always changing, as Bone uses it to fit her life on the fly. In relation to parental love, Bone wants Daddy Glen to love her. However, early in the book, Bone's conception of "love" is that of a child, obviously. On page 52, she says, "I wanted him to love us. I wanted to be able to love him. I wanted him to pick me up gently and tell Mama again how much he loved us all." This idea of love is simple, involving hugs, smiles, and friendliness, the sort of "love" Bone gets from Anney. However, as Bone's relationship with Glen changes, so does her perception of "love". On page 108, Glen asks Bone, "'Don't you know how I love you?'" Bone thinks to herself, "No, I did not know." This is near the beginning of Bone's confusion about love, what it means, and what it does. At the time he asks her, he is molesting her. It is no wonder that Bone was confused, having love expressed simply, from her mother, and sexually (if indeed it is "love") from Glen. This confusion leads bone to question the idea of love, and to look elsewhere for it, perhaps to compare. Love, she finds, is a prominent idea in the Southern Baptist church. Bone is enthralled with the black and white of Christianity, the definitive line drawn between good and evil, because she can see where the love is, and what it does. She believes she can see that other people truly love one another, and believing this, she thinks the has a better grasp on the abstract idea of love. However, as Bone later discovers, love is abstract, and being abandoned by her mother, she never truly figures it out. The problem within, for Bone, is that love is a conceptual idea, and that, really, it means something different to each person. Not only that, but love is used by others, in ways that may not suit anyone else's conceptions of the idea. So when Anney insists to Bone and everyone else that Glen loves her and her girls, Bone tends, of course, to believe her, and thus the idea of love is transferred to how Glen treats Bone.

Benefits and drawbacks of online social networking

A certain part of society advocates that social media channels are potential powerful tools when building new and up-to-date individual and collective relationships in many fields of actions, whilst others hold the view that the ostentatious aspects of virtual networking are endangering the agreed values for the welfare of people and communities along decades. The former and the latter points of view will be enlarged below.On the one hand, arguments against social networking related to Individuals endorse the Idea of measuring how decisive -for personal and professional future-, are those Indelible marks In people's past that have supposedly been left behind; time frames are recorded including achievements and failures, as well as personal history. This as meant for many, that when trying to start a new life, a new career or just simply a different path in life, past follows their efforts Jeopardizing it.What is more, in many occasions, these unpleasant situations must be faced and j ustified by them; very valuable professionals end up not having the same opportunities than those who have not been that exposed to the media. This can be illustrated by the cases when employers have been looking for the most suitable candidates for a position. They would dig Into their curriculum vitae and would look for any trace that, by searching n social networks then, could lead to any apparently hidden personal information saying more than printed r ©sum ©s.In addition, potential companies can realize how much time people spend posting, commenting or sharing In social media as well as the type and the quality of Information spread by these users. All in all, In a professional environment, people do not want the personal information be exposed to every friend of theirs or even to public. Thus, something as simple as an Internet session is brought as a menace into themselves when privacy is compromised.Another two reasoning supporting the downside of online social networkin g highlight the fact that our society is increasingly becoming more individualistic and networking can exacerbate social differences between societies in or out the Internet or globalization world. Online networking is a time-consuming activity taking time away from other activities and taking over from real time Interaction. Loneliness Is a modern Illness that society has claimed to have as a consequence of non-satisfying relationships.Research has shown that friendships has helped people to develop heir resilience and ability to bounce back after adversity, as well as an ability to gain dramatic consequences on health because it disrupts sleep, raises blood pressure, increases depression and lowers immunity and overall subjective wellbeing, feeling isolated from others can cause mental health problems occurring more frequently in unequal societies where vulnerable people are often left behind.And when globalization exalts societies with high standards of connectivity in detriment of those who depend on factors such as governmental policies, local economic system ND population, is not it unfair when trying to build new basics for the new era's humankind? By treating social networks as incidental, individuals and society as a whole, are neglecting the profound double-edged sword of exposing lives, radical preferences, political inclinations among others, privileging amount of information rather than quality shared.On the other hand and from an individual point of view, social networking can be employed as a very useful tool for those who need to unveil difficult personal issues such as â€Å"getting out of the closet† or revealing illnesses in front of others; in this way, not only can they be examined and evaluated by their acquaintances but they can also gain support from their family, friends and community. At the same time, by sharing concerns, interests, and knowledge or study subjects, individuals can enrich the perspective of their own interests while others interact with them.For example, someone who has been feeling isolated because of a very rare illness can post his/ her feelings, inquire about symptoms, look for financial support when this person is trundling with the situation and what is more, can also find a cure when someone else in somewhere else take notice of this suffering. People can also obtain advice of goods and services or Just simply gain awareness of some situations that may potentially affect them in a positive or negative way.Experts have demonstrated how important social networking has become when a natural disaster such a seaquake occurs; a piece of news reaches an isolated location before the main wave strikes the land saving many lives. It is seemed that individual existences are put into a more employ society when sharing their woes and concerns, transforming a particular issue into common interest. Is it history, memories and traditions constitutive part of the common interest then?As it has been mentioned many times, another argument in favor of social media is mutual awareness. This is to say and from a collective point of view, by understanding society with its failures and achievements, different societies have been able to considerate diverse ways of reaching expected goals when learning from the past. By way of example, social media has proved to be an inexhaustible resource of knowledge while exposing key information, requirements, unknown facts or simply people searching for people.Someone inquiries into a partially well-known fact and within few minutes somebody else is replying with clues, advice or Just hints which open new doors to new questions or potential answers. This can also be endless, but what if society wants to honor a dead person or keeps memories by spreading these facts around? The infinite transfer of information through media is invaluable when hidden events and key people come then to light. In the end, associations constitutes a positive input i n the approach of building knowledge and consciousness of where, why and how the world has evolved.By way of conclusion and from a user of the Web-based group standpoint, today's society cannot deny the new era that the world is living in. The main bone of contention is about how society should learn, teach and wisely trespass the appropriate ways of using the media. Online communities and Blobs are becoming very popular and moreover, since the advancement of embedded systems, people an use them â€Å"on the go' with the help of cutting-edge handheld devices.Because of the ease of sharing information -with the help of embedded photo and video-, the whole world has become interactive in nature for better or worse. Similarly, people as individuals and as part of communities, are exploring the unthinkable potential that making connections through online sessions and are finally comprehending that the opportunities provided from this medium are immense; social networking website is a r evolutionary idea with a very bright future with further scope for advancements in the 21st century.

Recklessness in the Odyssey Essay

Odysseus’ overdeveloped pride and arrogance led him to act recklessly in Book Nine of the Odyssey. This caused unfortunate scenarios for both Odysseus and his men. Odysseus had a lot of pride. This is shown when he states that he is â€Å"known to the world† and that his fame â€Å"has reached the skies† – book 9 line 21-22This is the pride that he has of his name, which leads to his questionable judgment. He regarded as a great hero and that makes him believe that his decisions cannot be wrong. It is very interesting that in the Greek culture where reputation is so significant, it is the very thing that leads to his damaging behavior. Odysseus shows recklessness throughout the novel. Instead of continuing his journey, Odysseus wanted to explore the mainland, the Land of the Cyclops. Once he arrived at the cave, Odysseus wants to gain hospitality of the owner. His questionable judgment lies here. He does not know if the ,inhabitants are civilized or caring, nonetheless, he makes an uniformed, risky decision. He even expresses this: â€Å"what are they – violent savage, lawless? or friendly to strangers, god-fearing men?† book 9 lines 195-196Later on, after Odysseus cleverly defeated the Cyclops, which evidently put him in an even higher state of pride. He taunted Polyphemus long after he had been utterly defeated. Then he went on to revealed his true identity to the CyclopsHe suffered the horrible consequences of his impulsive decisions and actions. Several of his men died horrendous deaths. Their limbs were torn and then they were eaten by a monster. When he instigates the blinded giant, he almost ends the lives of his entire crew because the Cyclops hurls a boulder at the boat. Even though it misses, the aftermath of its splash almost pushed them into Polyphemus’ reach. Once Polyphemus knew that it was the great Odysseus who had blinded him, he prayed to his powerful father Poseidon for revenge. This is how Homer points out to us that we should not act on impulse. Bibliography: The Odyssey by Homer

Boyz N the Hood

For my paper on the movie Boyz N the Hood as well as the reading Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, I will find a common theme that is used in both and explain how they used that theme in their work. The common theme that I found that was used in both the movie and the book is how the characters dealt with the oppression that was in their lives. The characters from the movie Boyz N the Hood that I will be referring to are Doughboy, Officer Coffey, and Shalika. The characters that I will be using from the book Black Freedom Fighters in Steel are George Kimbley, Curtis Strong, and Jonathan Comer.They all dealt with oppression differently some used it to their advantage, some people used it to hurt others, some made something of themselves, and some did nothing to make themselves better. In Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, George Kimbley was the first man that I read about who stuck in my head while the whole time while reading this book. His mother had taught him at a young age by watchi ng and observing how she dealt with the white people. She used trust as a form of power. If you could get the white folks to trust you and hold certain secrets between you, then that would go a long way back in the day.As a young child George did not go that far in school because he always thought he was a bright kid and could easily remember information after reading it one time. George would go up to the eighth grade and start his life as a working man. He would play along with how the white people who treated him bad and make them feel uncomfortable. He would teach them a lesson by embarrassing them in front of their peers. He would show the white people that he was unaffected by their words and would bury those feelings deep down even if it hurt he wouldn’t show them that it was affecting him.Teaching the white people that their words do not affect you is a great way to deal with the oppression. George using trust as a way of dealing with the oppression came when he was w orking the ice wagon. He was working with a guy named Adam’s, and he would walk to the people’s houses and if they had the money he would leave the ice for them but if they did not have the money he would take it and walk to the next house. Well George would watch this and use this to his advantage. George would walk up to those houses that did not have the money and he would bring them the ice.One event took place when he walked into a lady’s house with ice and she said, â€Å"Well, the other man was in here; he wouldn’t leave the ice, because we didn’t have the money. † And I says, â€Å"Well, I can’t take it back. Oh, I know how hot it is and all, and if I let you have this ice and they find out, they’ll fire me and I don’t want to be fired. † â€Å"Oh, I won’t tell anybody and I would leave the ice† (pg. 16-17). He would use this trust to show the white people to not stereotype him or any black p erson just because of their skin.He did this to show them that he is a caring person and is a good person and will help out someone no matter what color their skin is. While working at the mill he fought to get the black man into the union and once that he got them into the union, he did not want them to get any favors. He simply wanted every man working there to earn their way on their own merit. No hand-outs for anybody but for everyone to be brothers. George Kimbley did not want favoritism for African American’s, but give them a chance to prove what they could do and not judge or think down upon them because of the color of their skin.The second man that I read about was Curtis Strong. One word that can describe him is rebel. He was an outspoken man and he did not let any problem go unattended on his watch. Curtis said, â€Å"I often wondered why blacks take so damn much of that before they rebel. I realize, though, that we had been conditioned for untold number of years that you did have a place† (pg. 89). He used his mouth to fight the black man’s fight whether it was against the Klu Klux Klan or a possible labor dispute for the church. Curtis was a very vocal man and was an involved man in anything that had to do with the struggle of the black man.Curtis Strong worked in the coke plant during the war. It was a hot and unsafe area to work in for any human but he chose that job to become a leader in the union. This type of job was where the majority if not all the African American’s worked in. The black workers lead by Strong, formed the Sentinel League in 1943. Later on Curtis would be elected as the Griever and that was the man who would fight for the workers if they felt they were being treated unfairly or if there was a problem in the workplace. Using this job title, Strong would go on to fight for the black workers and more importantly for black people around the world.The way the broke down discrimination in the coke plant was by having wildcats. The coke plant was the heart of the steel company because without the coke you can’t have steel. So if everyone would leave the coke plant which was the black workers, which would cause other parts of the steel mill which was the white workers, to close down also because nobody was in the coke plant to work. Curtis understood power and that it took power to make change. Being able to have that kind of power was quite the advantage for Strong as a Griever.He knew that the coke plant was the key to the steel company and if he felt an injustice towards the black workers he would shut down Gary Works by these wildcats. Jonathan Comer was the final person in the book that I thought dealt with oppression very well. Jonathan got a job at the mill as a chipper. He didn’t like the job as a chipper and wanted to get a raise. He applied as a maintenance worker but he was told that it was not a black man’s job. Him signing that line to get the job m ade everyone angry because a black man had tried to get another job besides the chipper.Management had ways of not allowing the blacks to go further up in the workforce. After being denied the position, Comer talked to the superintendent melter and he told Comer, â€Å"He didn’t want colored on his turn,† Comer said. â€Å"He said, ‘You see, I haven’t been here that long, and I have to make a name for myself, and I don’t want you messing up. Colored people just don’t think keenly enough like white people do in this type of work. Maybe someday they will, but I just don’t want you on my floor’† (pg. 125). After that conversation made him extremely angry, he learned that he could use the grievance procedure to help me fight his battles.Later on he applied for another spot that had opened up and he had gotten. Most of his life he spent as a union activist, spending most of his days battling job segregation. He fought oppressi on though grievances and held the grievers job for thirteen years. From the movie Boyz N the Hood, the first person I will talk about that shows the use of oppression is Doughboy and how he dealt with it. Doughboy was raised by just his mother and she never seemed to want to pay him any mind. He just seemed like an inconvenience to her. Doughboy had a step brother named Ricky and their mother always showed more favoritism towards Ricky.Not having a man around the house and having his mother talk down on him; Doughboy never was able to make anything of himself. He always was getting into trouble and showing nobody respect. You see throughout the movie how he oppresses women and other people. His respect for women is very low and in the movie Doughboy refers to women as â€Å"hoes† or â€Å"bitches†. When he is released from prison, there is a scene where all the guys at the party rushed to grab the food before the women at the party could get a chance to make their plat es first and shoved the women out of the way.Trey sees that and he tries to get Doughboy to catch on that women need to be shown more respect. As soon as Doughboy’s sees what Tre is doing, he says â€Å"Ho's gotta eat too. † Then Shalika says: â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho'. † Doughboy says: â€Å"Oops, I'm sorry, bitch. † Doughboy’s mother then smacks him for the rude remark. That was his first run in with his bad manners towards women. Another incident when you see the respect for women thrown out the window is when doughboy was arguing with Shalika again while they were all sitting in his car on Crenshaw.Shalika says, â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho' and â€Å"Why is it every time you talk about a female you gotta say bitch, ho, or hootchie? Doughboy says, â€Å"Cause that's what you are. † Not having a father around to be a role model like Tre had with Furious shows with how Doughboy interacts with anybody throu ghout the movie. You even see how he talks to women when they walk down the street and he is trying to have sex with them and he shouts disrespectful things towards them. Doughboy in my opinion has accepted the oppression from his mother, that he is nothing but a waste of space and he does nothing to better himself his entire life.Officer Coffey shows how he has dealt with oppression by oppressing others around him like Tre or how he talks about African Americans throughout the movie. He comes in and you think that since he is an African American he will want to be trying to help his own people out and make his community better. But after Furious house was broken into and he shot at him, he calls the police. They take over an hour to get there and when they show up Officer Coffey has a doughnut in his hand and just casually walks up like nothing happened.He uses nigger to describe the kind of people that are walking amongst the streets. Furious doesn’t like it and they exchan ge a couple words about how Furious should have shot him because it would have been one less nigger on the streets. Furious sends Tre back inside and the officer Coffey says, â€Å"Something wrong? † Furious says, â€Å"Something wrong? Yeah. It's just too bad you don't know what it is†¦ Brother. † I think that while growing up Officer Coffey experienced some bad things and he has held that against the black people in the movie.Another part in the movie where Officer Coffey shows off a deeper meaning behind his hate towards the young black folks is when he pulls over Tre and Ricky after the dispute that happened when everyone is on Crenshaw hanging out. When he pulls Tre over and has both of them get out of the car, Tre says, â€Å"I didn't do nothing. † Officer Coffey says, â€Å"You think you tough? † Then pulls a gun on Tre, Officer Coffey says, â€Å"Scared now, ain't you? I like that. That's why I took this job. I hate little motherfuckers like you. Little niggers, you ain't shit!I could blow your head off with this Smith ; Wesson and you couldn't do shit. Think you tough? What set you from? Look like one of them Crenshaw mafia motherfuckers. † When he says that to Tre it showed me that there is a deeper meaning to why he needs that much control over someone. His childhood could have been a troubled one and he is using his new power of being a police officer to take it out on anyone who is in his way. The third person I will talk about is Shalika. Shalika is a black girl that is shown throughout the movie and Doughboy is always talking down to her.She is the only one that ever says anything to Doughboy about saying the demeaning things towards women. As I mentioned early in the Doughboy section, when they are getting ready to eat Doughboy is calling her a ho then when she tells him that she isn’t a ho, he calls her a bitch. She doesn’t take kind to that talk towards her and she tries to defend herself. But like most women being talked to like that, they pretty much just sit back and take it because it has always been like that in their lives. Another incident came when they were in the car on Crenshaw and Doughboy was talking bad about women again.Shalika is trying to stand up for herself throughout the movie but not much changed. In conclusion, oppression is dealt with in many ways. More people from the book seemed like the succeeded through the oppression rather than the movie. The people from the book worked harder for what they had and wanted to achieve. Not many people in the movie wanted to really do much with their lives but Tre and Ricky. Living in an oppressive area is hard and some may not handle it well but I think that the Black Freedom Fighters in Steel showed the best ways on how to deal with oppression. Boyz N the Hood For my paper on the movie Boyz N the Hood as well as the reading Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, I will find a common theme that is used in both and explain how they used that theme in their work. The common theme that I found that was used in both the movie and the book is how the characters dealt with the oppression that was in their lives. The characters from the movie Boyz N the Hood that I will be referring to are Doughboy, Officer Coffey, and Shalika. The characters that I will be using from the book Black Freedom Fighters in Steel are George Kimbley, Curtis Strong, and Jonathan Comer.They all dealt with oppression differently some used it to their advantage, some people used it to hurt others, some made something of themselves, and some did nothing to make themselves better. In Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, George Kimbley was the first man that I read about who stuck in my head while the whole time while reading this book. His mother had taught him at a young age by watchi ng and observing how she dealt with the white people. She used trust as a form of power. If you could get the white folks to trust you and hold certain secrets between you, then that would go a long way back in the day.As a young child George did not go that far in school because he always thought he was a bright kid and could easily remember information after reading it one time. George would go up to the eighth grade and start his life as a working man. He would play along with how the white people who treated him bad and make them feel uncomfortable. He would teach them a lesson by embarrassing them in front of their peers. He would show the white people that he was unaffected by their words and would bury those feelings deep down even if it hurt he wouldn’t show them that it was affecting him.Teaching the white people that their words do not affect you is a great way to deal with the oppression. George using trust as a way of dealing with the oppression came when he was w orking the ice wagon. He was working with a guy named Adam’s, and he would walk to the people’s houses and if they had the money he would leave the ice for them but if they did not have the money he would take it and walk to the next house. Well George would watch this and use this to his advantage. George would walk up to those houses that did not have the money and he would bring them the ice.One event took place when he walked into a lady’s house with ice and she said, â€Å"Well, the other man was in here; he wouldn’t leave the ice, because we didn’t have the money. † And I says, â€Å"Well, I can’t take it back. Oh, I know how hot it is and all, and if I let you have this ice and they find out, they’ll fire me and I don’t want to be fired. † â€Å"Oh, I won’t tell anybody and I would leave the ice† (pg. 16-17). He would use this trust to show the white people to not stereotype him or any black p erson just because of their skin.He did this to show them that he is a caring person and is a good person and will help out someone no matter what color their skin is. While working at the mill he fought to get the black man into the union and once that he got them into the union, he did not want them to get any favors. He simply wanted every man working there to earn their way on their own merit. No hand-outs for anybody but for everyone to be brothers. George Kimbley did not want favoritism for African American’s, but give them a chance to prove what they could do and not judge or think down upon them because of the color of their skin.The second man that I read about was Curtis Strong. One word that can describe him is rebel. He was an outspoken man and he did not let any problem go unattended on his watch. Curtis said, â€Å"I often wondered why blacks take so damn much of that before they rebel. I realize, though, that we had been conditioned for untold number of years that you did have a place† (pg. 89). He used his mouth to fight the black man’s fight whether it was against the Klu Klux Klan or a possible labor dispute for the church. Curtis was a very vocal man and was an involved man in anything that had to do with the struggle of the black man.Curtis Strong worked in the coke plant during the war. It was a hot and unsafe area to work in for any human but he chose that job to become a leader in the union. This type of job was where the majority if not all the African American’s worked in. The black workers lead by Strong, formed the Sentinel League in 1943. Later on Curtis would be elected as the Griever and that was the man who would fight for the workers if they felt they were being treated unfairly or if there was a problem in the workplace. Using this job title, Strong would go on to fight for the black workers and more importantly for black people around the world.The way the broke down discrimination in the coke plant was by having wildcats. The coke plant was the heart of the steel company because without the coke you can’t have steel. So if everyone would leave the coke plant which was the black workers, which would cause other parts of the steel mill which was the white workers, to close down also because nobody was in the coke plant to work. Curtis understood power and that it took power to make change. Being able to have that kind of power was quite the advantage for Strong as a Griever.He knew that the coke plant was the key to the steel company and if he felt an injustice towards the black workers he would shut down Gary Works by these wildcats. Jonathan Comer was the final person in the book that I thought dealt with oppression very well. Jonathan got a job at the mill as a chipper. He didn’t like the job as a chipper and wanted to get a raise. He applied as a maintenance worker but he was told that it was not a black man’s job. Him signing that line to get the job m ade everyone angry because a black man had tried to get another job besides the chipper.Management had ways of not allowing the blacks to go further up in the workforce. After being denied the position, Comer talked to the superintendent melter and he told Comer, â€Å"He didn’t want colored on his turn,† Comer said. â€Å"He said, ‘You see, I haven’t been here that long, and I have to make a name for myself, and I don’t want you messing up. Colored people just don’t think keenly enough like white people do in this type of work. Maybe someday they will, but I just don’t want you on my floor’† (pg. 125). After that conversation made him extremely angry, he learned that he could use the grievance procedure to help me fight his battles.Later on he applied for another spot that had opened up and he had gotten. Most of his life he spent as a union activist, spending most of his days battling job segregation. He fought oppressi on though grievances and held the grievers job for thirteen years. From the movie Boyz N the Hood, the first person I will talk about that shows the use of oppression is Doughboy and how he dealt with it. Doughboy was raised by just his mother and she never seemed to want to pay him any mind. He just seemed like an inconvenience to her. Doughboy had a step brother named Ricky and their mother always showed more favoritism towards Ricky.Not having a man around the house and having his mother talk down on him; Doughboy never was able to make anything of himself. He always was getting into trouble and showing nobody respect. You see throughout the movie how he oppresses women and other people. His respect for women is very low and in the movie Doughboy refers to women as â€Å"hoes† or â€Å"bitches†. When he is released from prison, there is a scene where all the guys at the party rushed to grab the food before the women at the party could get a chance to make their plat es first and shoved the women out of the way.Trey sees that and he tries to get Doughboy to catch on that women need to be shown more respect. As soon as Doughboy’s sees what Tre is doing, he says â€Å"Ho's gotta eat too. † Then Shalika says: â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho'. † Doughboy says: â€Å"Oops, I'm sorry, bitch. † Doughboy’s mother then smacks him for the rude remark. That was his first run in with his bad manners towards women. Another incident when you see the respect for women thrown out the window is when doughboy was arguing with Shalika again while they were all sitting in his car on Crenshaw.Shalika says, â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho' and â€Å"Why is it every time you talk about a female you gotta say bitch, ho, or hootchie? Doughboy says, â€Å"Cause that's what you are. † Not having a father around to be a role model like Tre had with Furious shows with how Doughboy interacts with anybody throu ghout the movie. You even see how he talks to women when they walk down the street and he is trying to have sex with them and he shouts disrespectful things towards them. Doughboy in my opinion has accepted the oppression from his mother, that he is nothing but a waste of space and he does nothing to better himself his entire life.Officer Coffey shows how he has dealt with oppression by oppressing others around him like Tre or how he talks about African Americans throughout the movie. He comes in and you think that since he is an African American he will want to be trying to help his own people out and make his community better. But after Furious house was broken into and he shot at him, he calls the police. They take over an hour to get there and when they show up Officer Coffey has a doughnut in his hand and just casually walks up like nothing happened.He uses nigger to describe the kind of people that are walking amongst the streets. Furious doesn’t like it and they exchan ge a couple words about how Furious should have shot him because it would have been one less nigger on the streets. Furious sends Tre back inside and the officer Coffey says, â€Å"Something wrong? † Furious says, â€Å"Something wrong? Yeah. It's just too bad you don't know what it is†¦ Brother. † I think that while growing up Officer Coffey experienced some bad things and he has held that against the black people in the movie.Another part in the movie where Officer Coffey shows off a deeper meaning behind his hate towards the young black folks is when he pulls over Tre and Ricky after the dispute that happened when everyone is on Crenshaw hanging out. When he pulls Tre over and has both of them get out of the car, Tre says, â€Å"I didn't do nothing. † Officer Coffey says, â€Å"You think you tough? † Then pulls a gun on Tre, Officer Coffey says, â€Å"Scared now, ain't you? I like that. That's why I took this job. I hate little motherfuckers like you. Little niggers, you ain't shit!I could blow your head off with this Smith ; Wesson and you couldn't do shit. Think you tough? What set you from? Look like one of them Crenshaw mafia motherfuckers. † When he says that to Tre it showed me that there is a deeper meaning to why he needs that much control over someone. His childhood could have been a troubled one and he is using his new power of being a police officer to take it out on anyone who is in his way. The third person I will talk about is Shalika. Shalika is a black girl that is shown throughout the movie and Doughboy is always talking down to her.She is the only one that ever says anything to Doughboy about saying the demeaning things towards women. As I mentioned early in the Doughboy section, when they are getting ready to eat Doughboy is calling her a ho then when she tells him that she isn’t a ho, he calls her a bitch. She doesn’t take kind to that talk towards her and she tries to defend herself. But like most women being talked to like that, they pretty much just sit back and take it because it has always been like that in their lives. Another incident came when they were in the car on Crenshaw and Doughboy was talking bad about women again.Shalika is trying to stand up for herself throughout the movie but not much changed. In conclusion, oppression is dealt with in many ways. More people from the book seemed like the succeeded through the oppression rather than the movie. The people from the book worked harder for what they had and wanted to achieve. Not many people in the movie wanted to really do much with their lives but Tre and Ricky. Living in an oppressive area is hard and some may not handle it well but I think that the Black Freedom Fighters in Steel showed the best ways on how to deal with oppression. Boyz N the Hood For my paper on the movie Boyz N the Hood as well as the reading Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, I will find a common theme that is used in both and explain how they used that theme in their work. The common theme that I found that was used in both the movie and the book is how the characters dealt with the oppression that was in their lives. The characters from the movie Boyz N the Hood that I will be referring to are Doughboy, Officer Coffey, and Shalika. The characters that I will be using from the book Black Freedom Fighters in Steel are George Kimbley, Curtis Strong, and Jonathan Comer.They all dealt with oppression differently some used it to their advantage, some people used it to hurt others, some made something of themselves, and some did nothing to make themselves better. In Black Freedom Fighters in Steel, George Kimbley was the first man that I read about who stuck in my head while the whole time while reading this book. His mother had taught him at a young age by watchi ng and observing how she dealt with the white people. She used trust as a form of power. If you could get the white folks to trust you and hold certain secrets between you, then that would go a long way back in the day.As a young child George did not go that far in school because he always thought he was a bright kid and could easily remember information after reading it one time. George would go up to the eighth grade and start his life as a working man. He would play along with how the white people who treated him bad and make them feel uncomfortable. He would teach them a lesson by embarrassing them in front of their peers. He would show the white people that he was unaffected by their words and would bury those feelings deep down even if it hurt he wouldn’t show them that it was affecting him.Teaching the white people that their words do not affect you is a great way to deal with the oppression. George using trust as a way of dealing with the oppression came when he was w orking the ice wagon. He was working with a guy named Adam’s, and he would walk to the people’s houses and if they had the money he would leave the ice for them but if they did not have the money he would take it and walk to the next house. Well George would watch this and use this to his advantage. George would walk up to those houses that did not have the money and he would bring them the ice.One event took place when he walked into a lady’s house with ice and she said, â€Å"Well, the other man was in here; he wouldn’t leave the ice, because we didn’t have the money. † And I says, â€Å"Well, I can’t take it back. Oh, I know how hot it is and all, and if I let you have this ice and they find out, they’ll fire me and I don’t want to be fired. † â€Å"Oh, I won’t tell anybody and I would leave the ice† (pg. 16-17). He would use this trust to show the white people to not stereotype him or any black p erson just because of their skin.He did this to show them that he is a caring person and is a good person and will help out someone no matter what color their skin is. While working at the mill he fought to get the black man into the union and once that he got them into the union, he did not want them to get any favors. He simply wanted every man working there to earn their way on their own merit. No hand-outs for anybody but for everyone to be brothers. George Kimbley did not want favoritism for African American’s, but give them a chance to prove what they could do and not judge or think down upon them because of the color of their skin.The second man that I read about was Curtis Strong. One word that can describe him is rebel. He was an outspoken man and he did not let any problem go unattended on his watch. Curtis said, â€Å"I often wondered why blacks take so damn much of that before they rebel. I realize, though, that we had been conditioned for untold number of years that you did have a place† (pg. 89). He used his mouth to fight the black man’s fight whether it was against the Klu Klux Klan or a possible labor dispute for the church. Curtis was a very vocal man and was an involved man in anything that had to do with the struggle of the black man.Curtis Strong worked in the coke plant during the war. It was a hot and unsafe area to work in for any human but he chose that job to become a leader in the union. This type of job was where the majority if not all the African American’s worked in. The black workers lead by Strong, formed the Sentinel League in 1943. Later on Curtis would be elected as the Griever and that was the man who would fight for the workers if they felt they were being treated unfairly or if there was a problem in the workplace. Using this job title, Strong would go on to fight for the black workers and more importantly for black people around the world.The way the broke down discrimination in the coke plant was by having wildcats. The coke plant was the heart of the steel company because without the coke you can’t have steel. So if everyone would leave the coke plant which was the black workers, which would cause other parts of the steel mill which was the white workers, to close down also because nobody was in the coke plant to work. Curtis understood power and that it took power to make change. Being able to have that kind of power was quite the advantage for Strong as a Griever.He knew that the coke plant was the key to the steel company and if he felt an injustice towards the black workers he would shut down Gary Works by these wildcats. Jonathan Comer was the final person in the book that I thought dealt with oppression very well. Jonathan got a job at the mill as a chipper. He didn’t like the job as a chipper and wanted to get a raise. He applied as a maintenance worker but he was told that it was not a black man’s job. Him signing that line to get the job m ade everyone angry because a black man had tried to get another job besides the chipper.Management had ways of not allowing the blacks to go further up in the workforce. After being denied the position, Comer talked to the superintendent melter and he told Comer, â€Å"He didn’t want colored on his turn,† Comer said. â€Å"He said, ‘You see, I haven’t been here that long, and I have to make a name for myself, and I don’t want you messing up. Colored people just don’t think keenly enough like white people do in this type of work. Maybe someday they will, but I just don’t want you on my floor’† (pg. 125). After that conversation made him extremely angry, he learned that he could use the grievance procedure to help me fight his battles.Later on he applied for another spot that had opened up and he had gotten. Most of his life he spent as a union activist, spending most of his days battling job segregation. He fought oppressi on though grievances and held the grievers job for thirteen years. From the movie Boyz N the Hood, the first person I will talk about that shows the use of oppression is Doughboy and how he dealt with it. Doughboy was raised by just his mother and she never seemed to want to pay him any mind. He just seemed like an inconvenience to her. Doughboy had a step brother named Ricky and their mother always showed more favoritism towards Ricky.Not having a man around the house and having his mother talk down on him; Doughboy never was able to make anything of himself. He always was getting into trouble and showing nobody respect. You see throughout the movie how he oppresses women and other people. His respect for women is very low and in the movie Doughboy refers to women as â€Å"hoes† or â€Å"bitches†. When he is released from prison, there is a scene where all the guys at the party rushed to grab the food before the women at the party could get a chance to make their plat es first and shoved the women out of the way.Trey sees that and he tries to get Doughboy to catch on that women need to be shown more respect. As soon as Doughboy’s sees what Tre is doing, he says â€Å"Ho's gotta eat too. † Then Shalika says: â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho'. † Doughboy says: â€Å"Oops, I'm sorry, bitch. † Doughboy’s mother then smacks him for the rude remark. That was his first run in with his bad manners towards women. Another incident when you see the respect for women thrown out the window is when doughboy was arguing with Shalika again while they were all sitting in his car on Crenshaw.Shalika says, â€Å"Who you callin' a ho', I ain't no ho' and â€Å"Why is it every time you talk about a female you gotta say bitch, ho, or hootchie? Doughboy says, â€Å"Cause that's what you are. † Not having a father around to be a role model like Tre had with Furious shows with how Doughboy interacts with anybody throu ghout the movie. You even see how he talks to women when they walk down the street and he is trying to have sex with them and he shouts disrespectful things towards them. Doughboy in my opinion has accepted the oppression from his mother, that he is nothing but a waste of space and he does nothing to better himself his entire life.Officer Coffey shows how he has dealt with oppression by oppressing others around him like Tre or how he talks about African Americans throughout the movie. He comes in and you think that since he is an African American he will want to be trying to help his own people out and make his community better. But after Furious house was broken into and he shot at him, he calls the police. They take over an hour to get there and when they show up Officer Coffey has a doughnut in his hand and just casually walks up like nothing happened.He uses nigger to describe the kind of people that are walking amongst the streets. Furious doesn’t like it and they exchan ge a couple words about how Furious should have shot him because it would have been one less nigger on the streets. Furious sends Tre back inside and the officer Coffey says, â€Å"Something wrong? † Furious says, â€Å"Something wrong? Yeah. It's just too bad you don't know what it is†¦ Brother. † I think that while growing up Officer Coffey experienced some bad things and he has held that against the black people in the movie.Another part in the movie where Officer Coffey shows off a deeper meaning behind his hate towards the young black folks is when he pulls over Tre and Ricky after the dispute that happened when everyone is on Crenshaw hanging out. When he pulls Tre over and has both of them get out of the car, Tre says, â€Å"I didn't do nothing. † Officer Coffey says, â€Å"You think you tough? † Then pulls a gun on Tre, Officer Coffey says, â€Å"Scared now, ain't you? I like that. That's why I took this job. I hate little motherfuckers like you. Little niggers, you ain't shit!I could blow your head off with this Smith ; Wesson and you couldn't do shit. Think you tough? What set you from? Look like one of them Crenshaw mafia motherfuckers. † When he says that to Tre it showed me that there is a deeper meaning to why he needs that much control over someone. His childhood could have been a troubled one and he is using his new power of being a police officer to take it out on anyone who is in his way. The third person I will talk about is Shalika. Shalika is a black girl that is shown throughout the movie and Doughboy is always talking down to her.She is the only one that ever says anything to Doughboy about saying the demeaning things towards women. As I mentioned early in the Doughboy section, when they are getting ready to eat Doughboy is calling her a ho then when she tells him that she isn’t a ho, he calls her a bitch. She doesn’t take kind to that talk towards her and she tries to defend herself. But like most women being talked to like that, they pretty much just sit back and take it because it has always been like that in their lives. Another incident came when they were in the car on Crenshaw and Doughboy was talking bad about women again.Shalika is trying to stand up for herself throughout the movie but not much changed. In conclusion, oppression is dealt with in many ways. More people from the book seemed like the succeeded through the oppression rather than the movie. The people from the book worked harder for what they had and wanted to achieve. Not many people in the movie wanted to really do much with their lives but Tre and Ricky. Living in an oppressive area is hard and some may not handle it well but I think that the Black Freedom Fighters in Steel showed the best ways on how to deal with oppression.